The ANES Guide to Public Opinion and Electoral Behavior

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People Don't Have a Say in What the Government Does 1952-2004
PERCENT AMONG DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS WHO RESPONDED :      'Agree'


  % OF GROUP: '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Males 27 ** 24 ** 26 ** 28 32 39 33 38 39 42 42 37 45 30 ** 40 54 35 55 53 41 38 30 40
Females 34 ** 32 ** 28 ** 31 36 43 37 42 41 40 47 41 46 33 ** 43 54 38 58 53 43 42 28 45
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Whites 29 ** 26 ** 26 ** 29 33 40 34 39 40 41 44 39 45 30 ** 39 53 36 54 52 41 39 27 42
Blacks 54 ** 53 ** 38 ** 31 44 48 48 47 43 41 55 45 50 40 ** 56 63 42 61 57 50 48 42 45
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Grade School 43 ** 47 ** 41 ** 47 47 61 54 58 60 57 61 55 59 53 ** 56 76 56 83 69 58 72 60 69
High School 26 ** 24 ** 25 ** 27 35 41 35 43 42 44 48 46 51 37 ** 49 59 43 64 62 50 50 37 50
Some College, no Degree 17 ** 8 ** 11 ** 16 18 28 20 27 29 36 40 27 43 22 ** 34 43 30 50 45 41 36 24 42
College Degree/ Post-grad 8 ** 6 ** 14 ** 14 15 21 14 18 22 20 28 24 28 16 ** 25 41 23 40 40 24 23 16 29
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Income 0-16 Percentile 47 ** 49 ** 42 ** 44 45 59 55 52 51 48 58 49 58 46 ** 52 66 46 67 55 47 53 ** 53
Income 17-33 Percentile 39 ** 34 ** 35 ** 35 40 48 46 49 44 51 49 45 51 38 ** 50 58 41 61 58 52 43 ** 45
Income 34-67 Percentile 27 ** 26 ** 25 ** 22 32 38 35 42 39 40 46 38 47 30 ** 42 52 35 54 56 45 41 ** 44
Income 68-95 Percentile 23 ** 14 ** 22 ** 24 29 29 25 28 32 37 34 30 36 21 ** 32 47 30 50 46 35 34 ** 31
Income 96-100 Percentile 17 ** 11 ** 5 ** 17 17 32 15 19 25 23 34 33 33 15 ** 27 38 22 33 38 18 18 ** 36
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Professionals 19 ** 12 ** 13 ** 20 ** 28 21 24 31 28 35 29 34 18 ** 31 41 28 44 44 33 28 ** 34
White Collar 22 ** 22 ** 19 ** 21 ** 38 28 34 36 37 44 37 44 31 ** 40 50 33 53 51 47 42 ** 45
Blue Collar 28 ** 29 ** 29 ** 31 ** 46 41 47 44 48 49 46 54 37 ** 50 62 44 66 60 50 52 ** 51
Unskilled 45 ** 49 ** 32 ** 46 ** 55 42 56 65 58 56 45 54 47 ** 50 60 44 67 80 64 49 ** 48
Farmers 40 ** 39 ** 47 ** 41 ** 51 49 49 53 46 52 48 45 45 ** 53 56 45 58 51 57 52 ** 41
Housewives 35 ** 31 ** 32 ** 32 ** 42 42 46 43 43 50 42 49 36 ** 43 57 39 61 57 43 44 ** 45
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Union Households 29 ** 27 ** 30 ** 30 36 39 35 41 38 39 43 37 46 31 ** 40 54 37 57 57 40 40 32 42
Non-Union Households 32 ** 28 ** 26 ** 29 33 42 35 40 41 41 45 40 45 32 ** 42 54 36 56 52 42 41 28 43
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
South 39 ** 36 ** 33 ** 34 36 45 45 46 49 45 48 38 48 34 ** 46 59 38 59 53 43 44 30 42
Nonsouth 29 ** 26 ** 25 ** 28 33 40 32 38 37 40 44 40 44 31 ** 39 52 36 55 53 42 39 28 43
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Born 1975 or later ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 38 54 42 42 40 25 43
Born 1959-1974 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 43 37 45 31 ** 39 48 35 52 53 43 37 28 41
Born 1943-1958 ** ** ** ** ** ** 23 23 31 37 40 35 42 45 39 46 26 ** 40 50 34 54 53 40 42 29 40
Born 1927-1942 28 ** 26 ** 22 ** 22 29 34 30 35 33 37 41 35 41 32 ** 41 59 37 60 52 45 43 33 51
Born 1911-1926 28 ** 25 ** 24 ** 31 32 41 33 39 43 40 45 42 49 33 ** 43 64 42 69 62 42 42 39 47
Born 1895-1910 28 ** 27 ** 30 ** 34 42 53 40 48 54 47 54 44 45 52 ** 54 73 47 70 46 40 67 57 **
Born before 1895 41 ** 39 ** 38 ** 39 48 55 51 49 49 42 46 67 50 50 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Democrats (incl leaners) 31 ** 31 ** 31 ** 28 34 43 36 43 40 42 44 40 48 34 ** 48 56 37 60 54 41 42 31 46
Independents & Apoliticals 47 ** 36 ** 39 ** 40 38 52 44 49 43 47 51 44 52 42 ** 49 65 43 62 67 52 47 39 56
Republicans (incl leaners) 26 ** 22 ** 18 ** 29 34 35 31 32 39 36 43 35 39 26 ** 32 47 33 50 49 40 36 24 37
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Liberals ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 31 35 36 40 35 40 26 ** 44 44 30 47 45 36 28 25 45
Moderates ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 38 34 38 44 38 46 29 ** 40 53 38 58 54 41 33 30 44
Conservatives ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 31 36 36 39 31 38 23 ** 32 48 32 51 48 40 37 23 32

    ___   (underline) indicates 50 or fewer total respondents within group
    **     indicates question not asked or no cases within group


Table 5B.2.1
Source: The American National Election Studies
Link to the ASCII text version of this table
NOTE: variable used for race grouping has changed. See Table 1A.3

(Table generated: 09DEC05)