The ANES Guide to Public Opinion and Electoral Behavior

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People Don't Have a Say in What the Government Does 1952-2004
PERCENT AMONG DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS WHO RESPONDED :      'Disagree'


  % OF GROUP: '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Males 72 ** 76 ** 73 ** 72 63 61 67 62 60 56 56 61 53 70 ** 53 34 58 36 39 48 53 59 46
Females 64 ** 67 ** 72 ** 68 58 57 61 57 55 56 51 58 51 67 ** 47 34 56 32 37 44 47 56 44
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Whites 70 ** 74 ** 73 ** 70 62 59 65 60 58 57 54 60 53 70 ** 53 35 58 36 40 47 51 58 47
Blacks 42 ** 44 ** 60 ** 66 49 52 51 53 53 52 41 53 46 58 ** 35 30 49 30 33 43 40 53 39
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Grade School 54 ** 51 ** 57 ** 50 41 38 45 40 34 35 33 39 32 45 ** 30 12 34 9 23 30 15 33 10
High School 74 ** 75 ** 75 ** 72 60 58 64 56 57 53 50 53 46 62 ** 41 27 49 26 26 36 36 48 35
Some College, no Degree 83 ** 92 ** 89 ** 84 81 72 79 73 69 63 59 72 57 78 ** 57 46 64 39 47 48 55 62 49
College Degree/ Post-grad 92 ** 94 ** 86 ** 84 82 78 86 81 75 78 70 76 72 84 ** 69 50 74 53 54 66 72 72 62
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Income 0-16 Percentile 49 ** 48 ** 57 ** 53 45 40 44 46 43 45 38 49 39 53 ** 33 22 45 22 35 40 30 ** 32
Income 17-33 Percentile 60 ** 65 ** 65 ** 64 52 51 53 50 53 46 47 53 47 62 ** 43 31 53 29 29 40 44 ** 42
Income 34-67 Percentile 72 ** 73 ** 75 ** 77 64 62 65 58 59 59 53 61 51 70 ** 49 36 58 36 35 41 52 ** 45
Income 68-95 Percentile 77 ** 86 ** 78 ** 76 66 71 74 71 67 62 65 69 64 79 ** 63 40 65 39 46 53 59 ** 61
Income 96-100 Percentile 83 ** 89 ** 95 ** 81 83 68 85 81 75 77 66 67 67 85 ** 71 54 77 60 59 74 73 ** 57
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Professionals 81 ** 88 ** 87 ** 79 ** 72 78 76 67 71 63 70 65 82 ** 63 49 68 46 50 56 65 ** 58
White Collar 78 ** 77 ** 81 ** 79 ** 62 72 65 63 62 54 62 55 69 ** 53 36 62 39 38 41 51 ** 47
Blue Collar 71 ** 70 ** 69 ** 68 ** 53 59 52 54 50 48 53 43 62 ** 40 26 48 25 28 37 37 ** 32
Unskilled 51 ** 51 ** 65 ** 51 ** 45 58 44 35 39 42 50 38 53 ** 38 28 52 9 18 26 46 ** 28
Farmers 59 ** 59 ** 53 ** 55 ** 49 49 51 45 45 45 44 50 53 ** 38 25 43 35 42 37 48 ** 35
Housewives 64 ** 68 ** 67 ** 66 ** 57 57 53 52 53 49 55 47 62 ** 44 30 53 32 34 45 42 ** 47
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Union Households 70 ** 73 ** 69 ** 69 58 61 63 58 59 59 55 62 52 69 ** 49 34 59 32 35 47 48 56 49
Non-Union Households 67 ** 70 ** 74 ** 70 61 58 64 59 57 56 52 58 52 68 ** 50 34 57 34 38 46 50 58 44
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
South 58 ** 63 ** 67 ** 65 56 55 55 53 47 50 49 60 49 65 ** 45 31 54 31 38 46 48 60 45
Nonsouth 70 ** 74 ** 74 ** 71 61 60 67 61 61 58 54 59 53 69 ** 52 36 59 35 38 45 50 56 45
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Born 1975 or later ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 62 27 48 47 40 57 44
Born 1959-1974 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 55 60 53 69 ** 49 37 57 32 35 42 55 57 46
Born 1943-1958 ** ** ** ** ** ** 77 70 69 63 60 63 56 53 60 52 73 ** 51 39 61 40 42 50 50 59 52
Born 1927-1942 71 ** 74 ** 77 ** 78 67 66 70 64 65 60 58 64 57 67 ** 53 31 57 35 39 45 50 56 37
Born 1911-1926 70 ** 74 ** 76 ** 68 62 59 66 60 55 57 52 56 49 67 ** 46 25 53 22 28 43 43 55 35
Born 1895-1910 71 ** 72 ** 69 ** 64 51 46 59 51 43 48 43 52 45 46 ** 36 20 43 23 34 45 33 43 **
Born before 1895 58 ** 59 ** 61 ** 58 44 42 47 49 42 55 50 33 50 50 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Democrats (incl leaners) 68 ** 69 ** 68 ** 71 62 57 63 56 57 55 54 58 49 66 ** 44 33 57 31 37 47 46 55 40
Independents & Apoliticals 44 ** 60 ** 61 ** 57 52 48 55 50 54 50 45 53 41 56 ** 37 21 46 20 20 34 39 36 28
Republicans (incl leaners) 74 ** 77 ** 81 ** 70 60 65 68 68 60 61 56 64 60 74 ** 60 41 62 40 43 48 58 64 55
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Liberals ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 68 63 63 59 65 59 74 ** 52 49 65 44 46 50 61 59 45
Moderates ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 61 65 61 55 62 53 71 ** 51 32 57 31 33 45 57 58 42
Conservatives ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 69 63 63 60 68 61 77 ** 60 42 63 41 46 51 56 65 60

    ___   (underline) indicates 50 or fewer total respondents within group
    **     indicates question not asked or no cases within group


Table 5B.2.2
Source: The American National Election Studies
Link to the ASCII text version of this table
NOTE: variable used for race grouping has changed. See Table 1A.3

(Table generated: 09DEC05)