The ANES Guide to Public Opinion and Electoral Behavior

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Wore a Button or Put a Sticker on the Car 1956-2004
PERCENT AMONG DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS WHO RESPONDED :      'Yes'


  % OF GROUP: '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Males 19 ** 20 13 17 ** 16 9 14 7 7 9 7 8 10 8 9 8 12 7 10 7 12 10 22
Females 13 ** 21 7 16 ** 14 9 14 5 8 8 7 8 8 7 8 6 11 7 10 6 9 9 19
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Whites 16 ** 22 10 16 ** 14 9 14 6 8 8 7 8 9 8 8 7 11 7 10 6 10 9 22
Blacks 6 ** 9 10 22 ** 20 12 16 2 8 17 5 10 11 8 11 8 11 10 9 5 14 12 20
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Grade School 11 ** 14 8 9 ** 9 4 7 4 4 7 3 6 5 6 3 4 4 4 5 8 7 15 13
High School 16 ** 24 10 17 ** 15 8 13 5 7 8 6 7 8 6 7 6 9 6 8 7 10 10 20
Some College, no Degree 17 ** 27 10 22 ** 20 19 20 6 9 11 8 9 11 7 10 9 13 8 12 5 8 9 23
College Degree/ Post-grad 26 ** 20 10 24 ** 20 16 22 10 13 11 9 9 11 11 13 7 16 10 13 7 14 9 21
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Income 0-16 Percentile 7 ** 11 5 12 ** 5 5 7 3 5 7 6 7 10 6 6 5 10 4 9 6 7 ** 23
Income 17-33 Percentile 12 ** 12 5 16 ** 13 6 10 5 6 11 5 6 11 6 7 6 6 10 8 4 13 ** 17
Income 34-67 Percentile 15 ** 23 11 17 ** 20 6 14 5 8 8 5 6 8 8 10 6 13 6 8 6 8 ** 18
Income 68-95 Percentile 22 ** 27 12 19 ** 17 15 19 8 9 9 10 10 10 9 10 8 15 7 13 9 15 ** 27
Income 96-100 Percentile 27 ** 24 16 23 ** 14 17 23 9 15 11 12 7 9 13 9 5 9 19 16 6 11 ** 24
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Professionals 21 ** 23 ** 18 ** 17 13 19 8 9 11 8 10 13 10 10 8 15 9 10 9 13 ** 21
White Collar 20 ** 27 ** 23 ** 18 10 19 4 10 8 9 9 9 9 10 5 11 6 13 5 8 ** 22
Blue Collar 17 ** 19 ** 15 ** 13 9 12 5 6 8 6 8 7 6 7 7 9 5 8 6 10 ** 21
Unskilled 15 ** 9 ** 19 ** 21 0 9 3 6 14 5 5 11 2 2 12 10 13 2 12 14 ** 18
Farmers 6 ** 14 ** 11 ** 17 3 5 3 8 9 7 7 8 5 7 8 4 5 14 29 13 ** 13
Housewives 13 ** 21 ** 16 ** 14 7 10 4 6 7 4 4 7 4 7 4 10 7 9 6 7 ** 20
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Union Households 20 ** 24 ** 19 ** 17 11 17 7 9 10 7 8 9 8 10 5 14 6 11 8 11 11 25
Non-Union Households 14 ** 20 ** 16 ** 14 9 13 5 7 8 7 8 9 7 8 7 11 7 10 6 10 9 20
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
South 9 ** 17 7 19 ** 16 8 9 4 6 11 7 7 9 7 8 8 12 7 9 6 11 7 22
Nonsouth 18 ** 22 11 16 ** 15 10 16 6 8 8 6 8 9 8 9 6 11 7 10 7 10 10 20
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Born 1975 or later ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 8 10 5 5 8 3 23
Born 1959-1974 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 11 15 8 10 5 9 4 11 4 9 4 9 7 22
Born 1943-1958 ** ** ** ** 19 ** 13 13 19 8 8 10 7 8 11 8 8 7 14 9 11 9 12 10 20
Born 1927-1942 16 ** 26 9 20 ** 20 12 17 5 8 9 6 6 10 10 11 10 10 8 10 7 12 17 17
Born 1911-1926 17 ** 24 11 19 ** 17 8 12 5 8 8 6 8 7 6 8 7 8 8 10 8 9 18 20
Born 1895-1910 16 ** 17 10 11 ** 8 5 7 4 5 4 2 11 6 7 6 0 2 0 9 0 0 0 **
Born before 1895 10 ** 11 7 7 ** 3 1 0 0 3 4 0 0 0 0 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Democrats (incl leaners) 13 ** 20 10 16 ** 15 11 15 7 8 10 6 9 11 8 10 8 13 7 8 6 9 11 20
Independents & Apoliticals 6 ** 7 1 8 ** 8 6 10 3 5 4 4 3 4 4 4 2 8 3 5 4 2 8 13
Republicans (incl leaners) 21 ** 27 12 19 ** 18 8 14 4 9 9 9 7 9 7 9 7 10 9 13 7 14 7 23
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Liberals ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 25 9 12 16 7 8 13 10 12 9 18 10 10 7 15 11 27
Moderates ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 13 4 8 8 6 8 8 7 10 6 10 6 8 6 10 10 14
Conservatives ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 15 6 9 8 7 10 11 9 9 8 13 9 14 7 12 9 24

    ___   (underline) indicates 50 or fewer total respondents within group
    **     indicates question not asked or no cases within group


Table 6B.4.2
Source: The American National Election Studies
Link to the ASCII text version of this table
NOTE: variable used for race grouping has changed. See Table 1A.3

(Table generated: 09DEC05)