The ANES Guide to Public Opinion and Electoral Behavior

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Contacted by Either Major Party 1956-2004
PERCENT AMONG DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS WHO RESPONDED :      'Yes'


  % OF GROUP: '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Males 19 ** 21 ** 27 26 26 ** 28 23 30 32 23 30 24 26 23 19 21 23 27 27 35 40 40
Females 16 ** 22 ** 25 21 24 ** 29 23 26 29 25 32 23 24 24 19 18 26 25 27 35 41 46
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Whites 18 ** 22 ** 27 25 25 ** 30 24 29 32 25 33 25 26 25 21 21 27 30 30 39 44 50
Blacks 13 ** 15 ** 20 14 27 ** 20 17 18 25 18 30 20 23 20 15 17 18 18 18 29 34 28
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Grade School 13 ** 14 ** 15 14 15 ** 21 16 17 24 17 22 17 16 15 12 11 18 21 13 28 44 30
High School 17 ** 22 ** 25 25 25 ** 28 22 25 26 22 28 20 20 20 16 16 19 20 25 30 30 36
Some College, no Degree 24 ** 32 ** 32 29 30 ** 32 28 35 33 26 33 27 29 26 22 20 30 30 27 36 43 44
College Degree/ Post-grad 22 ** 34 ** 47 33 38 ** 37 30 38 44 31 44 31 36 32 26 28 35 34 35 47 56 54
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Income 0-16 Percentile 13 ** 14 ** 13 12 17 ** 19 16 15 20 15 26 17 17 16 14 10 13 18 20 17 ** 26
Income 17-33 Percentile 19 ** 12 ** 21 15 16 ** 22 20 22 25 25 25 22 23 19 15 16 21 21 20 35 ** 38
Income 34-67 Percentile 15 ** 22 ** 24 23 28 ** 30 23 29 30 23 28 24 22 25 17 19 24 25 26 34 ** 41
Income 68-95 Percentile 21 ** 29 ** 32 30 35 ** 36 28 34 40 25 40 29 33 27 22 28 31 33 36 45 ** 61
Income 96-100 Percentile 20 ** 32 ** 53 41 26 ** 39 31 44 36 39 49 27 46 40 29 23 47 35 35 42 ** 58
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Professionals 22 ** 33 ** 37 ** 33 ** 36 31 38 40 29 39 26 33 29 24 24 34 34 36 45 ** 49
White Collar 21 ** 25 ** 27 ** 34 ** 32 29 27 32 25 34 27 25 28 21 20 26 26 29 34 ** 50
Blue Collar 15 ** 16 ** 21 ** 21 ** 24 19 24 24 18 25 21 21 18 15 16 20 22 20 28 ** 38
Unskilled 19 ** 9 ** 13 ** 15 ** 6 5 28 22 20 24 20 7 10 16 24 16 21 22 22 ** 18
Farmers 13 ** 13 ** 11 ** 16 ** 32 11 6 25 24 34 16 18 20 11 10 12 17 45 39 ** 33
Housewives 16 ** 22 ** 27 ** 22 ** 29 22 28 31 25 33 22 27 23 22 23 29 25 31 34 ** 36
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Union Households 16 ** 23 ** 28 24 25 ** 29 25 32 32 25 31 28 28 25 21 27 28 31 34 42 40 53
Non-Union Households 18 ** 21 ** 25 23 25 ** 29 23 27 29 23 32 22 24 23 19 18 24 25 26 34 41 41
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
South 15 ** 19 ** 20 19 22 ** 18 11 20 28 25 31 20 22 17 17 18 22 18 18 29 36 29
Nonsouth 18 ** 23 ** 28 25 26 ** 33 28 30 31 23 32 25 26 26 20 20 26 30 32 39 43 49
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Born 1975 or later ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 8 7 8 13 19 15 24
Born 1959-1974 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 19 18 17 14 13 13 12 15 16 19 22 25 37 42
Born 1943-1958 ** ** ** ** 10 21 18 ** 29 23 25 27 19 30 24 24 23 20 21 30 27 31 43 48 47
Born 1927-1942 12 ** 26 ** 30 23 29 ** 31 24 30 33 26 35 24 32 25 22 24 33 34 33 49 58 58
Born 1911-1926 19 ** 23 ** 28 28 27 ** 28 23 29 34 33 35 32 32 34 25 22 31 38 38 48 52 54
Born 1895-1910 18 ** 20 ** 23 22 21 ** 28 23 30 32 23 32 22 28 27 21 17 24 21 67 23 43 **
Born before 1895 17 ** 15 ** 17 13 22 ** 23 18 19 16 40 50 100 0 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Democrats (incl leaners) 17 ** 19 ** 24 23 25 ** 31 24 27 30 24 31 23 26 24 21 21 23 25 27 36 36 41
Independents & Apoliticals 16 ** 19 ** 10 21 16 ** 19 17 22 22 22 18 18 18 15 9 11 14 18 26 20 29 40
Republicans (incl leaners) 18 ** 26 ** 34 26 28 ** 29 25 31 35 25 37 25 26 25 20 20 30 29 28 40 49 47
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Liberals ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 36 28 33 34 30 34 26 27 25 24 23 26 27 31 46 39 47
Moderates ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 30 27 30 32 25 31 23 25 28 20 22 25 26 28 33 41 41
Conservatives ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 34 27 35 35 25 40 28 29 26 21 23 32 30 32 41 48 51

    ___   (underline) indicates 50 or fewer total respondents within group
    **     indicates question not asked or no cases within group


Table 6C.1a.1
Source: The American National Election Studies
Link to the ASCII text version of this table
NOTE: variable used for race grouping has changed. See Table 1A.3

(Table generated: 09DEC05)