The ANES Guide to Public Opinion and Electoral Behavior

How to Use                                                                                            List of Tables


Contacted by Either Major Party 1956-2004
PERCENT AMONG DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS WHO RESPONDED :      'No'


  % OF GROUP: '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Males 81 ** 79 ** 73 74 74 ** 72 77 70 68 77 70 76 74 77 81 79 77 73 73 65 60 60
Females 84 ** 78 ** 75 79 76 ** 71 77 74 71 75 68 77 76 76 81 82 74 75 73 65 59 54
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Whites 82 ** 78 ** 73 75 75 ** 70 76 71 68 75 67 75 74 75 79 79 73 71 70 61 56 50
Blacks 87 ** 85 ** 80 86 73 ** 80 83 82 75 82 70 80 77 80 85 83 82 82 82 71 66 72
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Grade School 87 ** 86 ** 85 86 85 ** 79 84 83 76 83 78 83 84 85 88 89 82 79 87 72 56 70
High School 83 ** 78 ** 75 75 75 ** 72 78 75 74 78 72 80 80 80 84 84 81 80 75 70 70 64
Some College, no Degree 76 ** 68 ** 68 71 70 ** 68 72 65 67 74 67 73 71 74 78 80 70 70 73 64 57 56
College Degree/ Post-grad 78 ** 66 ** 53 67 62 ** 63 70 62 56 69 56 69 64 68 74 72 65 66 65 53 44 46
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Income 0-16 Percentile 87 ** 86 ** 87 88 83 ** 81 84 85 80 85 74 83 83 84 86 90 87 82 80 83 ** 74
Income 17-33 Percentile 82 ** 88 ** 79 85 84 ** 78 80 78 75 75 75 78 77 81 85 84 79 79 80 65 ** 62
Income 34-67 Percentile 85 ** 78 ** 76 77 72 ** 70 77 71 70 77 72 76 78 75 83 81 76 75 74 66 ** 59
Income 68-95 Percentile 79 ** 71 ** 68 70 65 ** 64 72 66 60 75 60 71 67 73 78 72 69 67 64 55 ** 40
Income 96-100 Percentile 80 ** 68 ** 47 59 74 ** 61 69 56 64 61 51 73 54 60 71 77 53 65 65 59 ** 42
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Professionals 78 ** 67 ** 63 ** 67 ** 64 69 62 60 71 61 74 67 71 76 76 66 66 64 55 ** 51
White Collar 79 ** 75 ** 73 ** 66 ** 68 71 73 68 75 66 73 75 72 79 80 74 74 71 66 ** 50
Blue Collar 85 ** 84 ** 79 ** 79 ** 76 81 76 76 82 75 79 79 82 85 84 80 78 80 72 ** 62
Unskilled 81 ** 91 ** 87 ** 85 ** 94 95 72 78 80 76 80 93 90 84 76 84 79 78 78 ** 82
Farmers 87 ** 87 ** 89 ** 84 ** 68 89 94 75 76 66 84 82 80 89 90 88 83 55 61 ** 67
Housewives 84 ** 78 ** 73 ** 78 ** 71 78 72 69 75 67 78 73 77 78 77 71 75 69 66 ** 64
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Union Households 84 ** 77 ** 72 76 75 ** 71 75 68 68 75 69 72 72 75 79 73 72 69 66 58 60 47
Non-Union Households 82 ** 79 ** 75 77 75 ** 71 77 73 71 77 68 78 76 77 81 82 76 75 74 66 59 59
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
South 85 ** 81 ** 80 81 78 ** 82 89 80 72 75 69 80 78 83 83 82 78 82 82 71 64 71
Nonsouth 82 ** 77 ** 72 75 74 ** 67 72 70 69 77 68 75 74 74 80 80 74 70 68 61 57 51
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Born 1975 or later ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 92 93 92 87 81 85 76
Born 1959-1974 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 81 82 83 86 87 87 88 85 84 81 78 75 63 58
Born 1943-1958 ** ** ** ** 90 79 82 ** 71 77 75 73 81 70 76 76 77 80 79 70 73 69 57 52 53
Born 1927-1942 88 ** 74 ** 71 77 71 ** 69 76 70 67 74 65 76 68 75 78 76 67 66 67 51 42 42
Born 1911-1926 81 ** 77 ** 72 72 73 ** 72 77 71 66 67 65 68 68 66 75 78 69 62 62 52 48 46
Born 1895-1910 82 ** 80 ** 77 78 79 ** 72 77 70 68 77 68 78 72 73 79 83 76 79 33 77 57 **
Born before 1895 83 ** 85 ** 83 87 78 ** 77 82 81 84 60 50 0 100 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Democrats (incl leaners) 83 ** 81 ** 76 77 75 ** 69 76 73 70 76 69 77 74 76 79 79 77 75 73 64 64 59
Independents & Apoliticals 84 ** 81 ** 90 79 84 ** 81 83 78 78 78 82 82 82 85 91 89 86 82 74 80 71 60
Republicans (incl leaners) 82 ** 74 ** 66 74 72 ** 71 75 69 65 75 63 75 74 75 80 80 70 71 72 60 51 53
  '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Liberals ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 64 72 67 66 70 66 74 73 75 76 77 74 73 69 54 61 53
Moderates ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 70 73 70 68 75 69 77 75 72 80 78 75 74 72 67 59 59
Conservatives ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 66 73 65 65 75 60 72 71 74 79 77 68 70 68 59 52 49

    ___   (underline) indicates 50 or fewer total respondents within group
    **     indicates question not asked or no cases within group


Table 6C.1a.2
Source: The American National Election Studies
Link to the ASCII text version of this table
NOTE: variable used for race grouping has changed. See Table 1A.3

(Table generated: 09DEC05)