The ANES Guide to Public Opinion and Electoral Behavior

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Read Magazine Articles on the Campaign 1952-2004
PERCENT AMONG DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS WHO RESPONDED :      'No'


  % OF GROUP: '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Males 58 ** 65 ** 57 ** 58 ** 63 ** 64 ** 47 72 59 66 58 ** 70 ** 76 ** 62 ** ** ** 70
Females 61 ** 72 ** 60 ** 62 ** 66 ** 69 ** 55 77 70 72 71 ** 79 ** 79 ** 72 ** ** ** 74
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Whites 57 ** 67 ** 57 ** 59 ** 63 ** 67 ** 50 74 63 68 64 ** 73 ** 76 ** 65 ** ** ** 69
Blacks 85 ** 88 ** 73 ** 75 ** 74 ** 74 ** 67 84 84 76 74 ** 83 ** 85 ** 80 ** ** ** 80
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Grade School 77 ** 86 ** 81 ** 82 ** 88 ** 87 ** 82 93 92 85 88 ** 90 ** 91 ** 88 ** ** ** 89
High School 55 ** 70 ** 59 ** 64 ** 69 ** 73 ** 59 81 77 78 77 ** 85 ** 87 ** 80 ** ** ** 83
Some College, no Degree 25 ** 43 ** 32 ** 38 ** 46 ** 49 ** 33 67 53 64 56 ** 69 ** 75 ** 62 ** ** ** 70
College Degree/ Post-grad 25 ** 33 ** 23 ** 25 ** 29 ** 39 ** 19 49 31 45 36 ** 53 ** 58 ** 46 ** ** ** 54
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Income 0-16 Percentile 78 ** 88 ** 80 ** 81 ** 83 ** 81 ** 75 83 84 78 83 ** 87 ** 86 ** 77 ** ** ** 82
Income 17-33 Percentile 67 ** 75 ** 73 ** 63 ** 74 ** 73 ** 64 81 77 74 76 ** 82 ** 87 ** 77 ** ** ** 79
Income 34-67 Percentile 62 ** 68 ** 62 ** 62 ** 65 ** 67 ** 49 78 65 68 66 ** 77 ** 77 ** 71 ** ** ** 72
Income 68-95 Percentile 48 ** 61 ** 45 ** 51 ** 48 ** 61 ** 41 66 51 64 52 ** 65 ** 71 ** 57 ** ** ** 57
Income 96-100 Percentile 25 ** 38 ** 14 ** 30 ** 38 ** 31 ** 21 58 32 52 43 ** 57 ** 45 ** 41 ** ** ** 54
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Professionals 37 ** 49 ** 30 ** 41 ** 45 ** 50 ** 28 59 43 56 44 ** 64 ** 65 ** 49 ** ** ** 59
White Collar 49 ** 66 ** 55 ** 57 ** 57 ** 59 ** 46 72 64 65 64 ** 73 ** 76 ** 69 ** ** ** 74
Blue Collar 68 ** 78 ** 67 ** 73 ** 75 ** 77 ** 62 84 76 77 74 ** 82 ** 85 ** 80 ** ** ** 81
Unskilled 81 ** 88 ** 82 ** 81 ** 80 ** 75 ** 77 88 80 77 80 ** 85 ** 91 ** 80 ** ** ** 89
Farmers 55 ** 67 ** 72 ** 72 ** 76 ** 77 ** 76 68 71 77 77 ** 76 ** 89 ** 75 ** ** ** 63
Housewives 61 ** 70 ** 63 ** 60 ** 66 ** 73 ** 60 79 78 77 81 ** 83 ** 81 ** 85 ** ** ** 73
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Union Households 67 ** 73 ** 65 ** 66 ** 70 ** 68 ** 48 77 67 73 65 ** 75 ** 76 ** 67 ** ** ** 69
Non-Union Households 57 ** 68 ** 57 ** 59 ** 62 ** 66 ** 53 74 65 68 65 ** 76 ** 78 ** 68 ** ** ** 72
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
South 61 ** 74 ** 62 ** 67 ** 69 ** 74 ** 61 79 67 73 73 ** 80 ** 80 ** 69 ** ** ** 74
Nonsouth 59 ** 67 ** 58 ** 59 ** 63 ** 64 ** 49 73 65 67 62 ** 73 ** 76 ** 67 ** ** ** 71
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Born 1975 or later ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 83 ** 62 ** ** ** 75
Born 1959-1974 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 79 68 77 67 ** 82 ** 81 ** 72 ** ** ** 71
Born 1943-1958 ** ** ** ** ** ** 71 ** 59 ** 63 ** 48 74 63 68 62 ** 73 ** 73 ** 63 ** ** ** 71
Born 1927-1942 56 ** 74 ** 59 ** 59 ** 60 ** 63 ** 45 74 57 70 64 ** 76 ** 79 ** 68 ** ** ** 70
Born 1911-1926 59 ** 66 ** 53 ** 58 ** 64 ** 68 ** 56 75 73 66 69 ** 71 ** 77 ** 68 ** ** ** 75
Born 1895-1910 58 ** 67 ** 62 ** 65 ** 70 ** 75 ** 64 78 75 72 75 ** 80 ** 80 ** 75 ** ** ** **
Born before 1895 63 ** 76 ** 68 ** 66 ** 78 ** 82 ** 73 73 80 86 100 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Democrats (incl leaners) 63 ** 71 ** 65 ** 64 ** 69 ** 69 ** 53 77 69 69 66 ** 76 ** 78 ** 70 ** ** ** 71
Independents & Apoliticals 71 ** 78 ** 60 ** 75 ** 73 ** 76 ** 56 82 70 81 76 ** 83 ** 83 ** 79 ** ** ** 80
Republicans (incl leaners) 51 ** 64 ** 49 ** 50 ** 54 ** 62 ** 48 66 58 64 62 ** 73 ** 74 ** 62 ** ** ** 71
  '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04
Liberals ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 52 ** 34 68 51 53 52 ** 67 ** 68 ** 54 ** ** ** 60
Moderates ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 68 ** 49 72 62 65 65 ** 73 ** 75 ** 69 ** ** ** 71
Conservatives ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 57 ** 38 67 56 63 56 ** 69 ** 73 ** 62 ** ** ** 70

    ___   (underline) indicates 50 or fewer total respondents within group
    **     indicates question not asked or no cases within group


Table 6D.3.1
Source: The American National Election Studies
Link to the ASCII text version of this table
NOTE: variable used for race grouping has changed. See Table 1A.3

(Table generated: 09DEC05)