THE ANES GUIDE TO PUBLIC OPINION AND ELECTORAL BEHAVIOR ______________________________________________________ Equal Role for Women 1972-2004 PERCENT AMONG DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS WHO RESPONDED: 'Equal Role (1,2,3)' Percent of group: '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 Males 48 53 54 60 57 56 56 ** 64 64 72 67 73 77 72 ** 77 Females 45 49 48 54 59 59 52 ** 65 59 71 64 75 71 81 ** 79 Whites 46 50 50 56 59 57 54 ** 65 62 72 65 75 73 76 ** 80 Blacks 49 56 53 59 55 65 51 ** 61 63 71 64 74 76 67 ** 71 Grade School 34 34 29 32 35 30 28 ** 39 37 49 34 55 52 45* ** 38 High School 42 44 43 52 51 50 45 ** 61 55 66 54 69 67 72 ** 75 Some College, no Degree 59 67 68 68 72 71 66 ** 72 72 78 78 80 81 84 ** 83 College Degree/ Post-grad 66 73 74 77 76 75 77 ** 79 81 82 82 82 83 85 ** 86 Income 0-16 Percentile 41 49 42 47 49 55 40 ** 56 46 64 49 67 67 73 ** 76 Income 17-33 Percentile 46 48 43 53 56 52 44 ** 54 55 66 61 70 65 71 ** 77 Income 34-67 Percentile 43 48 51 55 57 57 56 ** 68 63 72 68 76 73 75 ** 80 Income 68-95 Percentile 54 58 58 66 67 69 64 ** 73 72 78 74 80 80 88 ** 81 Income 96-100 Percentile 59 49 68 65 72 58 81 ** 83* 73* 87 83 93 88 87* ** 86 Professionals 59 65 71 72 70 69 71 ** 77 77 81 78 82 81 86 ** 87 White Collar 58 58 54 67 63 65 58 ** 69 74 76 72 77 79 79 ** 80 Blue Collar 41 46 47 49 49 53 48 ** 59 56 67 60 69 68 71 ** 76 Unskilled 45* 49* 50 63 54* 54* 52* ** 55 53* 65 50 64* 71* 69* ** 76* Farmers 31 35 32 50* 64* 35* 39 ** 52 46* 53 42* 50* 39* 49* ** 54* Housewives 37 36 33 39 49 43 32 ** 52 40 59 44 63 61 73 ** 59 Union Households 44 48 53 58 54 61 62 ** 68 64 73 64 80 79 86 ** 82 Non-Union Households 48 51 50 56 59 57 52 ** 64 61 71 65 73 73 75 ** 77 South 43 49 44 54 55 54 47 ** 60 55 69 63 72 75 71 ** 75 Nonsouth 48 51 52 57 59 60 57 ** 67 65 73 66 75 73 80 ** 80 Born 1975 or later ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 77* 68 85 80 82 ** 86 Born 1959-1974 ** ** ** 64 60 63 62 ** 72 68 78 72 79 78 80 ** 81 Born 1943-1958 55 65 61 67 68 68 64 ** 74 71 77 71 80 77 82 ** 78 Born 1927-1942 47 47 54 54 59 56 53 ** 58 55 65 59 65 68 67 ** 71 Born 1911-1926 43 40 44 50 46 49 39 ** 53 44 57 43 57 56 60 ** 53 Born 1895-1910 38 41 32 38 45 39 26 ** 33 28* 50 31* 47* 36* 74* ** ** Born before 1895 36 32 32* 29* 50* 14* 33* ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** Democrats (incl leaners) 48 54 52 58 60 59 57 ** 65 64 75 65 79 78 81 ** 82 Independents & Apoliticals 42 51 48 59 56 60 47 ** 65 53 75 66 70 75 72 ** 73 Republicans (incl leaners) 46 44 50 53 57 54 52 ** 65 60 66 64 69 68 72 ** 76 Liberals 70 79 72 85 77 82 77 ** 79 85 90 88 92 89 92 ** 93 Moderates 48 51 57 56 63 64 54 ** 68 61 76 67 76 79 84 ** 81 Conservatives 44 44 48 52 57 57 54 ** 63 61 64 62 68 67 72 ** 72 * numbers followed by an asterisk indicate 50 or fewer total respondents within group ** indicates question not asked or no cases within group Table 4C.1.1 Source: The American National Election Studies NOTE: variable used for race grouping has changed. See Table 1A.3 Table generated: 27NOV05