THE ANES GUIDE TO PUBLIC OPINION AND ELECTORAL BEHAVIOR ______________________________________________________ Gave Money to Help a Campaign 1952-2008 PERCENT AMONG DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS WHO RESPONDED: 'Yes' Percent of group: '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '08 Males 6 ** 11 ** 11 10 12 10 11 ** 12 11 21 15 9 11 9 11 10 7 9 7 10 7 11 15 13 13 Females 3 ** 9 ** 12 9 9 7 8 ** 9 7 13 11 7 7 7 9 8 6 6 5 6 7 7 7 13 13 Whites 5 ** 11 ** 12 10 11 9 9 ** 11 9 17 13 9 10 9 11 10 7 9 7 9 8 9 11 15 14 Blacks 1 ** 2 ** 9 6 7 5 6 ** 9 4 8 7 1 5 3 5 6 5 2 5 3 3 6 8 7 10 Grade Sch./Some High Sch. 2 ** 5 ** 5 3 2 4 6 ** 3 3 5 4 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 4 8 13* 0* 3* High School Diploma 3 ** 10 ** 12 10 9 7 7 ** 7 6 13 10 4 5 4 6 4 4 4 3 4 4 6 8 8 5 Some College, no Degree 12 ** 14 ** 13 10 19 15 11 ** 16 12 19 15 12 8 10 11 12 6 7 7 8 6 7 10 12 10 College Degree/ Post-grad 17 ** 22 ** 26 21 27 17 21 ** 28 21 36 26 18 25 19 21 20 18 16 13 15 15 16 16 22 27 Income 0-16 Percentile 1 ** 1 ** 3 4 3 2 3 ** 2 2 3 4 3 2 1 3 2 3 3 1 3 4 1 ** 9 8 Income 17-33 Percentile 3 ** 6 ** 5 6 7 3 5 ** 3 4 11 7 3 5 4 3 4 3 4 3 3 2 7 ** 6 7 Income 34-67 Percentile 2 ** 7 ** 6 8 7 8 9 ** 8 6 15 11 7 7 7 7 7 5 6 5 6 4 7 ** 11 10 Income 68-95 Percentile 7 ** 17 ** 19 14 17 10 11 ** 18 15 25 19 11 14 11 18 16 10 10 8 12 11 14 ** 16 18 Income 96-100 Percentile 17 ** 31 ** 48 29 31 34 30 ** 35 35 34 32 32 27 21 28 36* 29 24 35 26 18 19 ** 31 34 Professionals 14 ** 18 ** 22 ** 23 ** 14 ** 21 15 26 23 13 19 15 19 15 13 12 11 14 13 13 ** 20 ** White Collar 6 ** 9 ** 17 ** 13 ** 11 ** 11 7 19 12 9 9 8 10 9 5 8 7 9 5 9 ** 14 ** Blue Collar 3 ** 8 ** 9 ** 6 ** 5 ** 6 6 13 8 4 4 4 6 3 3 4 3 3 4 6 ** 7 ** Unskilled 1 ** 6 ** 0* ** 0* ** 11* ** 9* 3* 11 7 8* 3* 2* 4 0* 2 6* 2 1* 7* 3* ** 2* ** Farmers 1 ** 7 ** 1 ** 8 ** 9 ** 4 7 5 11* 10* 11* 5 4 13 7 6 7* 7* 0* 8* ** 4* ** Housewives 2 ** 9 ** 9 ** 8 ** 8 ** 8 6 13 11 7 7 5 8 8 9 6 5 5 8 8 ** 11 ** Union Households 3 ** 11 ** 12 ** 10 7 6 ** 8 10 16 14 8 8 10 11 9 5 5 5 6 6 10 11 18 15 Non-Union Households 4 ** 9 ** 11 ** 11 9 10 ** 11 8 16 12 8 9 7 10 9 7 8 7 8 7 9 11 11 13 South 2 ** 6 ** 8 7 9 3 8 ** 6 6 10 11 6 8 6 8 4 5 7 6 6 6 9 12 11 12 Nonsouth 5 ** 11 ** 13 10 11 10 9 ** 12 9 18 13 9 10 8 11 11 7 7 6 9 8 8 10 13 13 Born 1991 or later ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 8 Born 1975-1990 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 8* 1 0 0 2 5 4 12 Born 1959-1974 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 3 3 3 2 4 4 2 3 3 4 3 4 7 8 16 Born 1943-1958 ** ** ** ** ** ** 5* 6 4 ** 9 6 15 10 7 8 8 8 7 9 8 8 8 9 13 13 17 18 Born 1927-1942 3 ** 5 ** 12 6 11 7 8 ** 14 12 21 16 11 11 9 17 12 10 11 9 12 13 12 17 21 18 Born 1911-1926 3 ** 11 ** 11 11 12 12 11 ** 12 9 20 15 9 12 11 12 14 8 10 10 12 8 15 22 17 ** Born 1895-1910 5 ** 12 ** 13 10 9 9 11 ** 7 8 8 11 7 8 6 8 9 2 3 9* 28* 7* 0* 57* ** ** Born before 1895 4 ** 6 ** 9 9 10 1 7 ** 4 2 6 0* 10* 33* 0* 0* ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** Democrats (incl leaners) 4 ** 10 ** 7 9 7 6 7 ** 10 7 15 11 5 8 8 9 7 7 7 5 6 7 8 9 12 15 Independents 4 ** 6 ** 7 7 3 6 5 ** 5 5 12 6 2 3 3 4 3 1 5 2 2 2 4 2 3 4 Republicans (incl leaners) 5 ** 12 ** 19 12 20 14 13 ** 13 11 20 20 15 13 9 13 12 8 9 10 11 8 12 14 16 13 Liberals ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 19 9 23 15 13 16 14 13 10 12 11 8 11 11 10 9 18 22 Moderates ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 10 8 17 12 6 8 8 10 8 6 7 5 4 6 6 8 7 8 Conservatives ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 13 15 22 19 13 15 10 14 14 10 10 10 12 8 11 15 19 16 * numbers followed by an asterisk indicate 50 or fewer total respondents within group ** indicates question not asked or no cases within group 2008 NOTE: open-ended coding of occupation is not yet complete. .................... Table 6B.5.2 Source: The American National Election Studies NOTE: variable used for race grouping has changed. See Table 1A.3 Table generated: 05AUG10