THE ANES GUIDE TO PUBLIC OPINION AND ELECTORAL BEHAVIOR ______________________________________________________ Average Feelings Toward Presidential Candidates 1952-2004 AVERAGE AMONG DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS FOR: REPUBLICAN CANDIDATE '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 Males .8 ** 1.1 ** .8 ** -.7 ** .5 ** .6 ** .1 ** -.1 ** .1 ** .1 ** -.6 ** 0 ** 0 ** -.1 Females 1.1 ** 1.3 ** .9 ** -.8 ** .3 ** .5 ** 0 ** -.3 ** -.1 ** 0 ** -.6 ** -.4 ** 0 ** -.5 Whites 1.1 ** 1.3 ** .9 ** -.6 ** .6 ** .7 ** .2 ** -.1 ** .2 ** .3 ** -.5 ** -.1 ** .2 ** -.1 Blacks -.1 ** .3 ** .6 ** -1.7 ** -1.3 ** 1.0 ** -1.3 ** 1.0 ** -1.5 ** -.7 ** -1.4 ** -.8 ** -.8 ** -1.3 Grade School .5 ** .9 ** .7 ** -.8 ** .1 ** .4 ** -.1 ** -.3 ** -.6 ** -.3 ** -.4 ** -.3 ** 0 ** -.6* High School 1.1 ** 1.2 ** .7 ** -.7 ** .4 ** .5 ** -.1 ** -.2 ** 0 ** 0 ** -.6 ** -.2 ** .1 ** -.2 Some College, no Degree 1.6 ** 1.7 ** 1.5 ** -.5 ** .8 ** .6 ** .2 ** -.3 ** .2 ** .3 ** -.8 ** -.3 ** .1 ** -.3 College Degree/ Post-grad 1.7 ** 1.8 ** 1.4 ** -.8 ** .5 ** .5 ** .5 ** -.3 ** 0 ** .1 ** -.6 ** 0 ** -.1 ** -.4 Income 0-16 Percentile .5 ** .8 ** .9 ** -.7 ** .2 ** .3 ** -.1 ** -.4 ** -.5 ** 0 ** -.7 ** -.6 ** -.3 ** -.5 Income 17-33 Percentile .9 ** 1 ** 1 ** -.8 ** .3 ** .6 ** -.1 ** -.2 ** -.5 ** -.2 ** -.8 ** -.4 ** 0 ** -.6 Income 34-67 Percentile .9 ** 1.1 ** .6 ** -.9 ** .6 ** .4 ** 0 ** -.2 ** .1 ** 0 ** -.7 ** -.3 ** .1 ** -.3 Income 68-95 Percentile 1.1 ** 1.4 ** .8 ** -.6 ** .5 ** .7 ** .2 ** -.1 ** .2 ** .3 ** -.4 ** 0 ** -.1 ** -.2 Income 96-100 Percentile 2.1 ** 2.3 ** 2.1 ** -.5 ** .5 ** 1.3 ** .9 ** .1 ** 1.2 ** 1.4* ** -.5 ** .5 ** .2 ** .1 Professionals 1.6 ** 1.6 ** 1.2 ** -.6 ** .7 ** .7 ** .4 ** -.2 ** 0 ** 0 ** -.7 ** -.1 ** 0 ** -.6 White Collar 1.4 ** 1.5 ** 1.4 ** -.6 ** .5 ** .5 ** .3 ** -.1 ** .1 ** .3 ** -.5 ** -.4 ** .1 ** 0 Blue Collar .4 ** .9 ** .5 ** -.9 ** .2 ** .4 ** -.3 ** -.3 ** -.2 ** 0 ** -.8 ** -.3 ** -.1 ** -.4 Unskilled .2 ** .5 ** .9* ** 1.0* ** -.5* ** -.4* ** -.2 ** -.3* ** -.4 ** .1 ** -.8 ** .1* ** -.1* ** -.3* Farmers .8 ** .6 ** .7 ** -.3 ** .7 ** .7 ** .5 ** .2* ** .9 ** 0 ** 0 ** .1* ** .5* ** -.4* Housewives 1.2 ** 1.4 ** .8 ** -.7 ** .4 ** .7 ** .2 ** -.2 ** .2 ** .2 ** -.2 ** -.2 ** .5 ** .4 Union Households .5 ** .9 ** .2 ** -1.3 ** .2 ** .2 ** -.2 ** -.5 ** -.6 ** -.2 ** 1.0 ** -.6 ** -.3 ** -1.2 Non-Union Households 1.1 ** 1.3 ** 1.1 ** -.6 ** .5 ** .6 ** .2 ** -.1 ** .1 ** .2 ** -.5 ** -.1 ** .1 ** -.1 South .7 ** .8 ** .8 ** -.3 ** .4 ** .6 ** .1 ** -.1 ** 0 ** .2 ** -.3 ** -.1 ** .3 ** .1 Nonsouth 1 ** 1.3 ** .9 ** -.8 ** .4 ** .5 ** .1 ** -.3 ** 0 ** 0 ** -.8 ** -.3 ** -.2 ** -.5 Born 1975 or later ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** -.4* ** -.1* ** -.4 ** -.7 Born 1959-1974 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** -.6 ** .1 ** 0 ** -.6 ** -.3 ** .2 ** -.1 Born 1943-1958 ** ** ** ** ** ** 1.0* ** .1 ** .4 ** -.1 ** -.3 ** .1 ** .1 ** -.7 ** -.3 ** 0 ** -.1 Born 1927-1942 1 ** 1.2 ** .7 ** -.8 ** .4 ** .4 ** .1 ** -.1 ** -.1 ** .1 ** -.5 ** -.2 ** .1 ** -.4 Born 1911-1926 .9 ** 1.2 ** .9 ** -.8 ** .4 ** .7 ** .2 ** -.1 ** -.3 ** .1 ** -.7 ** -.2 ** 0 ** -.5 Born 1895-1910 1 ** 1.1 ** .9 ** -.6 ** .5 ** .6 ** .3 ** 0 ** 0 ** .2 ** .2 ** .4* ** 1.5* ** ** Born before 1895 1 ** 1.4 ** 1.1 ** -.3 ** .8 ** 1 ** .9* ** -.6* ** .3* ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** Democrats (incl leaners) .2 ** .1 ** -.2 ** -1.4 ** -.6 ** -.2 ** -.6 ** -.9 ** -1.5 ** 1.0 ** -1.7 ** -1.2 ** -1.1 ** -1.8 Independents & Apolitical 1.1 ** 1.2 ** .8 ** -.7 ** .6 ** .6 ** .2 ** -.2 ** .2 ** .1 ** -.8 ** -.2 ** .2 ** -.6 Republicans (incl leaners) 2.2 ** 2.7 ** 2.4 ** .6 ** 2.1 ** 1.6 ** 1.1 ** .8 ** 1.6 ** 1.3 ** .9 ** 1.1 ** 1.5 ** 1.6 Liberals ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** -.8 ** -.9 ** -1.4 ** -1.4 ** -1.1 ** -1.9 ** -1.5 ** -1.2 ** -2.3 Moderates ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** .8 ** 0 ** -.3 ** -.2 ** -.2 ** -.8 ** -.4 ** -.3 ** -.4 Conservatives ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 1.4 ** .9 ** .6 ** 1.2 ** 1 ** .4 ** .8 ** 1.2 ** 1.4 * numbers followed by an asterisk indicate 50 or fewer respondents within group ** indicates question not asked or no cases within group Table 7A.1.2 Source: The American National Election Studies Table generated: 27NOV05