THE ANES GUIDE TO PUBLIC OPINION AND ELECTORAL BEHAVIOR ______________________________________________________ Split Ticket Voting Presidential/Congressional 1952-2008 PERCENT AMONG DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS WHO RESPONDED: 'Rep. Pres./ Dem. Congr.' Percent of group: '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 '66 '68 '70 '72 '74 '76 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '08 Males 9 ** 15 ** 7 ** 8 ** 12 ** 27 ** 15 ** 24 ** 20 ** 20 ** 12 ** 5 ** 7 ** 12 7 Females 12 ** 12 ** 12 ** 5 ** 10 ** 24 ** 16 ** 16 ** 19 ** 17 ** 12 ** 4 ** 9 ** 7 8 Whites 10 ** 13 ** 10 ** 7 ** 12 ** 26 ** 17 ** 21 ** 20 ** 20 ** 13 ** 5 ** 10 ** 10 9 Blacks 5* ** 17* ** 7* ** 0 ** 2 ** 9 ** 4 ** 2 ** 8 ** 5 ** 5 ** 0 ** 2 ** 6 0 Grade Sch./Some High Sch. 9 ** 10 ** 4 ** 3 ** 9 ** 25 ** 8 ** 15 ** 16 ** 19 ** 12 ** 2* ** 0* ** 18* 8* High School Diploma 9 ** 13 ** 12 ** 6 ** 9 ** 27 ** 15 ** 19 ** 20 ** 19 ** 13 ** 4 ** 8 ** 12 7 Some College, no Degree 19 ** 18 ** 10 ** 7 ** 15 ** 25 ** 19 ** 20 ** 22 ** 19 ** 11 ** 4 ** 7 ** 9 6 College Degree/ Post-grad 13 ** 16 ** 11 ** 12 ** 12 ** 20 ** 17 ** 25 ** 17 ** 17 ** 12 ** 5 ** 11 ** 6 9 Income 0-16 Percentile 8 ** 11 ** 9 ** 1 ** 13 ** 28 ** 11 ** 8 ** 15 ** 18 ** 9 ** 1 ** 9* ** 14 9 Income 17-33 Percentile 12 ** 12 ** 14 ** 5 ** 15 ** 28 ** 13 ** 26 ** 17 ** 13 ** 14 ** 1 ** 7 ** 11 6 Income 34-67 Percentile 10 ** 17 ** 8 ** 5 ** 10 ** 24 ** 14 ** 20 ** 19 ** 15 ** 11 ** 5 ** 8 ** 7 6 Income 68-95 Percentile 10 ** 10 ** 8 ** 9 ** 9 ** 25 ** 19 ** 20 ** 21 ** 23 ** 14 ** 5 ** 8 ** 13 10 Income 96-100 Percentile 7* ** 15 ** 21 ** 9 ** 14* ** 21 ** 19 ** 17* ** 26 ** 16* ** 4 ** 3 ** 6 ** 6 9 Professionals 11 ** 15 ** 10 ** 11 ** 11 ** 23 ** 17 ** 20 ** 20 ** 16 ** 13 ** 5 ** 10 ** 9 ** White Collar 17 ** 16 ** 12 ** 5 ** 10 ** 27 ** 16 ** 21 ** 24 ** 22 ** 14 ** 5 ** 7 ** 13 ** Blue Collar 6 ** 12 ** 4 ** 4 ** 11 ** 26 ** 11 ** 20 ** 16 ** 21 ** 9 ** 4 ** 11 ** 8 ** Unskilled 4 ** 8 ** 26* ** 13* ** 14* ** 31* ** 15* ** 11* ** 0* ** 11* ** 19* ** 9* ** 6* ** 0* ** Farmers 10 ** 12 ** 13 ** 4* ** 13* ** 26* ** 15* ** 15* ** 35* ** 19* ** 11* ** 0* ** 0* ** 17* ** Housewives 11 ** 13 ** 13 ** 6 ** 9 ** 25 ** 21 ** 19 ** 16 ** 14 ** 12 ** 1 ** 5 ** 8 ** Union Households 7 ** 12 ** 8 ** 4 ** 11 ** 23 ** 14 ** 19 ** 15 ** 17 ** 10 ** 3 ** 11 ** 4 7 Non-Union Households 11 ** 14 ** 10 ** 7 ** 11 ** 25 ** 16 ** 20 ** 21 ** 19 ** 13 ** 5 ** 8 ** 11 8 South 43 ** 25 ** 20 ** 14 ** 21 ** 43 ** 21 ** 24 ** 25 ** 28 ** 14 ** 5 ** 9 ** 10 8 Nonsouth 5 ** 11 ** 7 ** 5 ** 9 ** 21 ** 14 ** 18 ** 18 ** 15 ** 12 ** 4 ** 8 ** 9 8 Born 1991 or later ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 6 Born 1975-1990 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 38* ** 0* ** 6 ** 5 5 Born 1959-1974 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 15* ** 22 ** 23 ** 12 ** 2 ** 11 ** 12 9 Born 1943-1958 ** ** ** ** ** ** 0* ** 14 ** 23 ** 18 ** 23 ** 21 ** 19 ** 12 ** 6 ** 9 ** 9 16 Born 1927-1942 12 ** 15 ** 8 ** 7 ** 11 ** 25 ** 15 ** 20 ** 20 ** 18 ** 15 ** 5 ** 5 ** 7 3* Born 1911-1926 12 ** 16 ** 13 ** 7 ** 9 ** 26 ** 16 ** 19 ** 18 ** 15 ** 11 ** 5 ** 7 ** 19* ** Born 1895-1910 11 ** 13 ** 8 ** 7 ** 14 ** 26 ** 12 ** 13 ** 14 ** 19 ** 4* ** 0* ** 0* ** ** ** Born before 1895 7 ** 9 ** 6 ** 2 ** 3* ** 15* ** 20* ** 0* ** 0* ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** Democrats (incl leaners) 13 ** 17 ** 10 ** 5 ** 9 ** 30 ** 12 ** 15 ** 11 ** 10 ** 6 ** 2 ** 3 ** 5 5 Independents 7* ** 25 ** 14 ** 8* ** 25 ** 35 ** 22 ** 36 ** 36 ** 40 ** 21 ** 10* ** 22* ** 16* 16 Republicans (incl leaners) 7 ** 7 ** 9 ** 9 ** 11 ** 18 ** 19 ** 23 ** 26 ** 24 ** 20 ** 6 ** 13 ** 14 10 Liberals ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 14 ** 10 ** 10 ** 11 ** 10 ** 4 ** 2 ** 3 ** 1 4 Moderates ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 28 ** 16 ** 26 ** 24 ** 21 ** 14 ** 7 ** 8 ** 12 10 Conservatives ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 32 ** 22 ** 24 ** 22 ** 19 ** 18 ** 5 ** 11 ** 13 10 * numbers followed by an asterisk indicate 50 or fewer total respondents within group ** indicates question not asked or no cases within group 2008 NOTE: open-ended coding of occupation is not yet complete. .................... Table 9B.2.3 Source: The American National Election Studies NOTE: variable used for race grouping has changed. See Table 1A.3 Table generated: 05AUG10