Version 01 Codebook ------------------- CODEBOOK INTRODUCTION FILE 1952 PRE-POST STUDY (1952.T) AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDIES 1952 PRE-POST ELECTION STUDY PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS ANGUS CAMPBELL GERALD GURIN WARREN MILLER SURVEY RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN (S400) PRE-ELECTION STUDY: SEPTEMBER 15 - NOVEMBER 2, 1952 POST-ELECTION STUDY: NOVEMBER - DECEMBER, 1952 ICPSR ARCHIVE NUMBER 7213 ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF ASSISTANCE ALL MANUSCRIPTS UTILIZING DATA MADE AVAILABLE THROUGH THE CONSORTIUM SHOULD ACKNOWLEDGE THAT FACT AS WELL AS IDENTIFY THE ORIGINAL COLLECTOR OF THE DATA. THE ICPSR COUNCIL URGES ALL USERS OF ICPSR DATA FACILITIES TO FOLLOW SOME ADAPTATION OF THIS STATEMENT WITH THE PARENTHESES INDICATING ITEMS TO BE FILLED IN APPROPRIATELY OR DELETED BY THE INDIVIDUAL USER. THE DATA (AND TABULATIONS) UTILIZED IN THIS (PUBLICATION) WERE MADE AVAILABLE (IN PART) BY THE INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL RESEARCH. THE DATA WERE ORIGINALLY COLLECTED BY ANGUS CAMPBELL, GERALD GURIN, AND WARREN MILLER. NEITHER THE ORIGINAL COLLECTORS OF THE DATA NOR THE CONSORTIUM BEAR ANY RESPON- SIBILITY FOR THE ANALYSES OR INTERPRETATIONS PRESENTED HERE. IN ORDER TO PROVIDE FUNDING AGENCIES WITH ESSENTIAL INFOR- MATION ABOUT THE USE OF ARCHIVAL RESOURCES, AND TO FACILITATE THE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION ABOUT ICPSR PARTICIPANTS' RESEARCH ACTIVITIES, EACH USER OF THE ICPSR DATA FACILITIES IS EXPECTED TO SEND TWO COPIES OF EACH COMPLETED MANUSCRIPT TO THE CONSORTIUM. PLEASE INDICATE IN THE COVER LETTER WHICH DATA WERE USED. TABLE OF CONTENTS Note: >>sections in the codebook introduction and codebook appendix can be navigated in the machine-readable files by searching ">>". INTRODUCTORY MATERIAL (file int1952.cbk) --------------------- >> 1952 STUDY DESCRIPTION >> 1952 SAMPLING INFORMATION >> 1952 PROCESSING INFORMATION >> 1952 CODEBOOK INFORMATION >> 1952 VARIABLE DESCRIPTION LIST CODEBOOK -------- 1952 variables APPENDICES (file app1952.cbk) ---------- >> 1952 PARTY MASTER CODE >> 1952 CANDIDATE MASTER CODE >> PSU AND POPULATION SIZE NOTE >> ELIGIBLE VOTERS, 1952 >> PARTY DIFFERENCES CODE NOTE, 1952 >> PARTY-CANDIDATE CODE NOTE, 1952 >> REF. 32 NOTE, 1952 >> REF. 42/43 NOTE, 1952 >> VAR 520072 NOTE >> VAR 520074 NOTE >> VAR 520083 NOTE >> VAR 520084 NOTE >> VAR 520090 NOTE >> HOW FRIENDS VOTE NOTE, 1952 >> EMPLOYMENT NOTE, 1952 >> REF. NO. 132 NOTE, 1952 >> REF. NO. 133 NOTE, 1952 >> FATHER OCCUPATION NOTE, 1952 >> UNITED STATES NOTE, 1952 >> REF. NO. 37-40 NOTE, 1952 >> R PLACE OF BIRTH NOTE, 1952 >> R MOTHER'S PLACE OF BIRTH NOTE, 1952 >> REF. NO. 166 NOTE, 1952 >> REF. NO. 165 NOTE, 1952 >> REF. NO. 130 NOTE, 1952 >> VAR 520182 NOTE >> VAR 520183 NOTE >> VARS 520182, 520183, 520191, 520193, 520195, 520197, 520199 NOTE >> FRIENDS PARTY VOTE, 1952 >> REF. NO. 56 NOTE, 1952 >> CO-WORKERS VOTE NOTE, 1952 >> REF. NO. 106 NOTE, 1952 >> VARS 520196, 520198 NOTE >> REF. NO. 173-176 NOTE, 1952 >> CAMPAIGN LITERATURE NOTE, 1952 >> VARS 520203-7 NOTE >> REF. NO. 200-202 NOTE, 1952 >> REF. NO. 237 NOTE, 1952 >> REF. NO. 208 NOTE, 1952 >> REF. NO. 229 NOTE, 1952 >> 1952 STUDY DESCRIPTION THE 1952 NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY (SRC 400) IS THE SECOND IN A SERIES OF STUDIES OF NATIONAL ELECTIONS CONDUCTED BY THE SURVEY RESEARCH CENTER POLITICAL BEHAVIOR PROGRAM SINCE 1948. THIS STUDY WAS DIRECTED BY ANGUS CAMPBELL, GERALD GURIN AND WARREN MILLER, AND IS THE FIRST OF THE SRC MAJOR ELECTION STUDIES. THE STUDY EMPHASIZES POLITICAL ATTITUDES IN GENERAL, AND ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOR PERTAINENT TO THE 1952 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION. THE INTERVIEW SCHEDULE CONTAINED BOTH CLOSED AND OPEN-ENDED QUESTIONS ASCERTAINING A WIDE RANGE OF INFORMATION. MOST RESPONDENTS WERE INTERVIEWED BOTH BEFORE AND AFTER THE DATE OF THE ELECTION. THE PRE-ELECTION SURVEY TAPPED ATTITUDES TOWARD POLITICAL PARTIES, CANDIDATES, AND SPECIFIC ISSUES, AS WELL AS PERSONAL AND POLITICAL BACKGROUND. THE POST-ELECTION INTERVIEW CONCENTRATED ON THE ACTUAL VOTE AND VOTING-RELATED BEHAVIOR. ADDITIONALLY, A SUBSAMPLE OF 585 RESPONDENTS WAS GIVEN A FORM B REINTERVIEW, OBTAINING FURTHER INFORMATION ABOUT ORGANIZATIONAL AFFILIATIONS, PERSONAL DATA AND NON-POLITICAL ATTITUDINAL QUESTIONS. THIS INFORMATION IS CONTAINED IN REF.NO. 209-236. THIS STUDY PARTICULARLY EMPHASIZED THE PERCEPTION OF GROUP BEHAVIOR, ESPECIALLY THE PERCEIVED POLITICAL PREFERENCES OF FAMILY, FRIENDS AND ASSOCIATES. RESULTS FROM THE 1952 STUDY WERE FIRST REPORTED IN CAMPBELL, ET AL., THE VOTER DECIDES, EVANSTON, ILLINOIS, ROW, PETERSON AND CO., 1954, AND LATER USED IN CAMPBELL, ET AL., THE AMERICAN VOTER, NEW YORK, JOHN WILEY & SONS, 1960. >> 1952 SAMPLING INFORMATION THE INDIVIDUALS INTERVIEWED WERE A REPRESENTATIVE CROSS- SECTION OF PERSONS OF VOTING AGE LIVING IN PRIVATE HOUSE- HOLDS IN THE CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES. THE SAMPLE WAS DRAWN AS FOLLOWS: THE 12 LARGEST METROPOLITAN AREAS OF THE UNITED STATES WERE DRAWN WITH CERTAINTY TO REPRESENT THEMSELVES. THE REST OF THE COUNTRY WAS FORMED INTO 54 STRATA, AND FROM EACH OF THESE ONE PRIMARY SAMPLING AREA WAS CHOSEN TO REPRESENT THE STRATUM. THE 26 AREAS NOT REPRESENTING "OPEN COUNTRY" WERE FURTHER SUBSTRATIFIED ACCORDING TO RENTAL VALUE AND DWELLING UNITS PER BLOCK, AND PROBABILITY SELECTIONS OF BLOCKS WERE THEN MADE FROM THESE SUBSTRATA. FROM EACH BLOCK AND EACH SUB-AREA CHOSEN AT RANDOM FROM THE "OPEN COUNTRY" AREAS, AN AVERAGE OF TWO DWELLING UNITS WAS SELECTED AT RANDOM. WITHIN EACH SAMPLE DWELLING UNIT ONLY ONE RESPONDENT WAS INTERVIEWED, AS DESIGNATED BY AN OBJECTIVE PROCEDURE OF SELECTION WITH NO SUBSTITUTIONS ALLOWED. THE ACCOUNT OF THE EXACT PROCEDURE WHICH THEN FOLLOWED IS RATHER COMPLICATED. FIRST, 1799 INTERVIEWS WERE TAKEN ON THE PRE-ELECTION STUDY. IN THE POST-ELECTION WAVE 185 RESPONDENTS COULD NOT BE RE-INTERVIEWED, BUT WERE KEPT IN THE STUDY. (THESE PEOPLE WERE CODED 9 IN REF.NO.3.) IN ADDITION, 100 RESPONDENTS WHO HAD BEEN PREVIOUSLY UNAVAILABLE WERE INTERVIEWED FOR THE FIRST TIME IN THE POST- ELECTION STUDY. (THEY WERE CODED 3 OR 4 IN REF.NO.3.) THUS THE TOTAL N FOR THE STUDY IS 1899, INCLUDING 185 WITH ONLY PRE-ELECTION DATA AND 100 WITH ONLY POST-ELECTION DATA. THE 585 RESPONDENTS IN THE FORM B SUBSAMPLE WERE CHOSEN AT RANDOM FROM THE ENTIRE SAMPLE. (THEY WERE CODED 2 OR 4 IN REF.NO.3.) >> 1952 PROCESSING INFORMATION THE STUDY WAS PROCESSED ACCORDING TO ICPSR STANDARD PROCESSING PROCEDURES. THE CODE CATEGORIES WERE RECODED TO ELIMINATE AMPS AND DASHES AND TO CONFORM TO ICPSR STANDARD- IZED CODES WHERE APPLICABLE. THE DATA WERE CHECKED FOR INCONSISTENT AND ILLEGAL CODES AND, WHENEVER FOUND, THE LATTER MISTAKES WERE CORRECTED BY REFERRING TO THE ORIGINAL INTERVIEW SCHEDULES. IN USING THIS CODEBOOK SEVERAL FEATURES SHOULD BE NOTED. THE FIRST IS THAT THE HUNDREDS AND TENS DIGITS OF MOST TWO AND THREE DIGIT CODES CAN BE MEANINGFULLY USED ALONE. (THE GAPS THAT APPEAR IN SOME OF THE TWO AND THREE DIGIT STANDARDIZED CODES REPRESENT VALUES NOT USED IN THIS STUDY.) ANOTHER IS THAT IN MANY CASES, BOTH IN THE BODY OF THE CODEBOOK AND IN THE FOOTNOTES, TEXT IS BRACKETED IN "<" AND ">" SIGNS. ALL TEXT SO BRACKETED WAS NOT CONTAINED IN THE ORIGINAL CODEBOOK BUT WAS ADDED BY THE PROCESSOR, EITHER FOR EXPLANATORY PURPOSES OR IN ORDER TO MAKE VARIABLES INDEPENDENT OF ONE ANOTHER BY MAKING IT UNNECESSARY TO REFER TO ONE IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND THE TEXT OF ANOTHER. VARIABLE NAMES IN THE TABLE OF CONTENTS FOLLOWED BY AN ASTERISK HAVE SPECIAL ICPSR STANDARDIZED CODES. THOSE PRECEDED BY AN X DESIGNATE A VARIABLE DEPENDENT ON SOME OTHER VARIABLE DUE TO THE STRUCTURE OF THE INTERVIEW SCHEDULE. >> 1952 CODEBOOK INFORMATION The following example from the 1948 NES study provides the standard format for codebook variable documentation. Note that NES studies which are not part of the Time-Series usually omit marginals and the descriptive content in lines 2-5 (except for variable name). Line 1 ============================== 2 VAR 480026 NAME-R NOT VT-WAS R REG TO VT 3 COLUMNS 61 - 61 4 NUMERIC 5 MD=0 OR GE 8 6 7 Q. 17. (IF R DID NOT VOTE) WERE YOU REGISTERED (ELIGIBLE) 8 TO VOTE. 9 ........................................................... 10 11 82 1. YES 12 149 2. NO 13 14 0 8. DK 15 9 9. NA 16 422 0. INAP., R VOTED Line 2 - VARIABLE NAME. Note that in the codebook the variable name (usually a 'number') does not include the "V" prefix which is used in the release SAS and SPSS data definition files (.sas and .sps files) for all variables including those which do not have 'number' names. For example the variable "VERSION" in the codebook is "VVERSION" in the data definition files. Line 2 - "NAME". This is the variable label used in the SAS and SPSS data definition files (.sas and .sps files). Some codebooks exclude this. Line 3 - COLUMNS. Columns in the ASCII data file (.dat file). Line 4 - CHARACTER OR NUMERIC. If numeric and the variable is a decimal rather than integer variable, the numer of decimal places is also indicated (e.g. "NUMERIC DEC 4") Line 5 - Values which are assigned to missing by default in the Study's SAS and and SPSS data definition files (.sas and .sps files). Line 7 - Actual question text for survey variables or a description of non-survey variables (for example, congressional district). Survey items usually include the question number (for example "B1a.") from the Study questionnaire; beginning in 1996 non-survey items also have unique item numbers (for example "CSheet.1"). Line 9 - A dashed or dotted line usually separates question text from any other documentation which follows. Line 10- When present, annotation provided by Study staff is presented below the question text/description and preceding code values. Lines 11-16 Code values are listed with descriptive labels. Valid codes (those not having 'missing' status in line 5) are presented first, followed by the values described in line 5. For continuous variables, one line may appear providing the range of possible values. A blank line usually separates the 'valid' and 'missing' values. Lines 11-16 Marginals are usually provided for discrete variables. The counts may be unweighted or weighted; check the Study codebook introductory text to determine weight usage. >> 1952 VARIABLE DESCRIPTION LIST VARIABLE VARIABLE LABEL -------- -------------- VERSION NES VERSION NUMBER DSETNO NES DATASET NUMBER 520001 ICPSR ARCHIVE NUMBER 520002 INTERVIEW NUMBER STUDY PROCEDURE AND SAMPLING 520003 FORM OF REINTERVIEW 520004 NATURE OF (RE)INTERVIEW 520005 REGION OF INTERVIEW 520006 REGION, PRIMARY SAMPLING UNIT AND POPULATION SIZE 520007 POPULATION SIZE 520008 NUMBER OF ADULTS IN HOUSEHOLD 520009 RELATIONSHIP OF RESPONDENT TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD 520010 DATE INTERVIEW WAS TAKEN 520011 NAME OF INTERVIEWER 520012 CODERS ELECTION PREDICTIONS BY R 520013 WHO WILL BE ELECTED PRESIDENT 520014 XWILL THE PRESIDENTIAL RACE BE CLOSE OR NOT 520015 XWILL THE VOTE BE CLOSE IN YOUR STATE 520016 XR'S PRESIDENTIAL PREDICTION IN STATE THE PARTIES AND THE CANDIDATES 520017 IS THERE ANY DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE PARTIES 520018 WHAT IS GOOD ABOUT THE DEMOCRATS * 520019 WHAT IS BAD ABOUT THE DEMOCRATS * 520020 WHAT IS GOOD ABOUT THE REPUBLICANS * 520021 WHAT IS BAD ABOUT THE REPUBLICANS * 520022 DOES IT MAKE ANY DIFFERENCE WHICH PARTY WINS THE ELECTION 520023 XCONTENT OF THE DIFFERENCE IN WHO WINS THE ELECTION 520024 XWHY IT MAKES NO DIFFERENCE WHO WINS THE ELECTION 520025 WHAT IS THE FINANCIAL EFFECT OF THE ELECTION 520026 XFRAME OF REFERENCE FOR THE FINANCIAL EFFECT 520027 WHY VOTE FOR STEVENSON * 520028 WHY NOT VOTE FOR STEVENSON * 520029 WHY VOTE FOR EISENHOWER * 520030 WHY NOT VOTE FOR EISENHOWER * 520031 WHICH CANDIDATE WOULD MAKE THE BEST PRESIDENT 520032 IS EISENHOWER A REAL REPUBLICAN 520033 XWHY EISENHOWER IS OR IS NOT A REAL REPUBLICAN 520034 DOES R HAVE ANY OPINIONS ABOUT EITHER VICE- PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE 520035 XRESPONDENT'S REACTION TO SPARKMAN 520036 XRESPONDENT'S REACTION TO NIXON 520037 XOPINION ON VICE-PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE -- PRO-SPARKMAN * 520038 XOPINION ON VICE-PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE -- ANTI-SPARKMAN * 520039 XOPINION ON VICE-PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE -- PRO-NIXON * 520040 XOPINION ON VICE-PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE -- ANTI-NIXON * POLITICAL INVOLVEMENT 520041 DOES R CARE MUCH WHICH PARTY WINS 520042 XCARE WHO WINS STATE ELECTION 520043 XCARE WHO WINS LOCAL ELECTION 520044 INTEREST IN POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS DOMESTIC ISSUES AND FOREIGN POLICY 520045 INVOLVEMENT OF GOVERNMENT IN SOCIAL WELFARE 520046 PARTY DIFFERENCES ON SOCIAL WELFARE 520047 GOVERNMENT INVOLVEMENT IN NEGRO EMPLOYMENT 520048 XOTHER SOLUTIONS -- JOBS FOR NEGROES 520049 HEARD ABOUT THE TAFT-HARTLEY LAW 520050 XHOW DOES R FEEL ABOUT THE TAFT-HARTLEY LAW 520051 IS THE UNITED STATES TOO INVOLVED WITH WORLD PROBLEMS 520052 PARTY DIFFERENCES ON WORLD PROBLEMS 520053 IS THE GOVERNMENT GUILTY BECAUSE CHINA WENT COMMUNIST 520054 IS THE UNITED STATES RIGHT TO FIGHT IN KOREA 520055 WHAT SHOULD BE OUR POLICIES NOW IN KOREA SPECIAL QUESTIONS ABOUT EISENHOWER 520056 ARE EISENHOWER'S IDEAS THE SAME AS REPUBLICANS' 520057 XREASONS EISENHOWER IS OR IS NOT A REAL REPUBLICAN PARTY IDENTIFICATION 520058 ARE YOU A DEMOCRAT, REPUBLICAN OR WHAT 520059 XSTRONG OR WEAK DEMOCRAT OR REPUBLICAN 520060 XHAS RESPONDENT'S POLITICAL ALLEGIANCE CHANGED 520061 XWHEN DID RESPONDENT'S POLITICAL ALLEGIANCE CHANGE * 520062 XSOCIAL REASON FOR POLITICAL ALLEGIANCE CHANGE 520063 XSUPPOSE YOU DISAGREE WITH THE PARTY NOMINATION... 520064 XIF R IS AN INDEPENDENT, IS HE CLOSER TO THE DEMOCRATIC OR THE REPUBLICAN PARTY 520065 XIF R IS AN INDEPENDENT, WAS HE EVER A DEMOCRAT OR A REPUBLICAN 520066 XWHEN R BECAME AN INDEPENDENT * 520067 XSOCIAL REASON FOR R BECOMING AN INDEPENDENT 520068 FATHER'S POLITICAL PARTY WHEN R WAS YOUNG 520069 MOTHER'S POLITICAL PARTY WHEN R WAS YOUNG 520070 PARENTS' POLITICAL PARTY WHEN R WAS YOUNG VOTING BEHAVIOR 520071 DOES R ALWAYS VOTE IN PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS 520072 XDOES R ALWAYS VOTE FOR THE SAME PARTY 520073 XDOES R REMEMBER THE FIRST PRESIDENT HE VOTED FOR 520074 XWHO WAS THE FIRST PRESIDENT R VOTED FOR 520075 XYEAR RESPONDENT FIRST VOTED FOR PRESIDENT 520076 XHOW DID R VOTE IN THE 1948 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION 520077 IS RESPONDENT REGISTERED FOR NOVEMBER ELECTION 520078 DOES RESPONDENT MEET LEGAL RESIDENCE REQUIREMENT 520079 ARE YOU GOING TO VOTE IN NOVEMBER 520080 XHOW DOES R PLAN TO VOTE IN THIS PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION 520081 XLIKELIHOOD OF R'S VOTING DEMOCRATIC OR REPUBLICAN 520082 XWHY WILL R VOTE FOR HIS CHOSEN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE * 520083 XHOW WILL R VOTE FOR UNITED STATES SENATOR 520084 XHOW WILL R VOTE FOR CONGRESSMAN 520085 XHOW WILL R VOTE FOR GOVERNOR 520086 XIF R WERE TO VOTE FOR PRESIDENT, HOW WOULD HE VOTE 520087 XWHY WOULD R VOTE FOR HIS CHOSEN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE * 520088 R'S OPINION ON STRAIGHT TICKET VOTING 520089 XWHY R APPROVES OR DISAPPROVES OF STRAIGHT TICKET VOTING PARTY CONVENTION 520090 R PREFERRED SOME OTHER CANDIDATE AT THE CONVENTION 520091 XWHY PREFER SOME OTHER NOMINATION (DEM) * 520092 XWHY PREFER SOME OTHER NOMINATION (REP) * 520093 IS THE TRADITIONAL PARTY CONVENTION GOOD OR BAD 520094 XREASON FOR APPROVAL OR DISAPPROVAL OF THE TRADITIONAL PARTY CONVENTION 520095 XSUGGESTED REFORMS FOR CONVENTIONS COGNITIONS ABOUT VOTING BEHAVIOR OF VARIOUS GROUPS 520096 PERCEIVED FARMER VOTE 520097 PERCEIVED WORKING CLASS VOTE 520098 PERCEIVED NEGRO VOTE 520099 PERCEIVED MIDDLE CLASS VOTE 520100 PERCEIVED BIG BUSINESS VOTE 520101 PERCEIVED LABOR UNION VOTE 520102 PERCEIVED PROTESTANT VOTE 520103 PERCEIVED CATHOLIC VOTE 520104 PERCEIVED JEWISH VOTE 520105 XREASONS FOR FARMER VOTE 520106 XREASONS FOR WORKING CLASS VOTE 520107 XREASONS FOR NEGRO VOTE 520108 XREASONS FOR MIDDLE CLASS VOTE 520109 XREASONS FOR BIG BUSINESS VOTE 520110 XREASONS FOR LABOR UNION VOTE 520111 XREASONS FOR PROTESTANT VOTE 520112 XREASONS FOR CATHOLIC VOTE 520113 XREASONS FOR JEWISH VOTE 520114 IF R IS MARRIED, MATE'S VOTE 520115 VOTE OF FIVE BEST FRIENDS POLITICAL EFFICACY AND CITIZEN DUTY 520116 ORDER OF EFFICACY QUESTIONS 520117 SHOULD ONE VOTE IF HIS PARTY CAN'T WIN 520118 THE PEOPLE'S OPINION IS UNIMPORTANT TO THE GOVERNMENT 520119 PEOPLE'S VOTE IS THE MAIN DETERMINATOR OF POLICY 520120 VOTING IS THE ONLY WAY TO INFLUENCE THE GOVERNMENT 520121 LOCAL ELECTIONS ARE UNIMPORTANT 520122 ONE VOTE IS UNIMPORTANT IN THE TOTAL VOTE 520123 PEOPLE HAVE NO SAY IN GOVERNMENT 520124 IF ONE DOES NOT CARE, ONE NEED NOT VOTE IN ELECTIONS 520125 POLITICS TOO COMPLICATED TO UNDERSTAND 520126 WHAT SOCIAL CLASS ARE YOU 520127 IS THERE MUCH OPPORTUNITY IN TODAY'S SOCIETY 520128 SEX OF RESOPNDENT 520129 RACE OF RESPONDENT 520130 WHAT YEAR WERE YOU BORN 520131 EDUCATION 520132 WHAT IS YOUR OCCUPATION 520133 XIS R SELF-EMPLOYED OR NOT 520134 XOCCUPATION IF R IS UNEMPLOYED OR RETIRED 520135 WHAT WORK DOES HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD DO 520136 XIS HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD SELF-EMPLOYED 520137 XHEAD OF HOUSEHOLD'S OCCUPATION IF UNEMPLOYED OR RETIRED 520138 CATEGORIZED AGE OF HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD 520139 IS R OR HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD A UNION MEMBER 520140 WHO WAS HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD WHEN RESPONDENT WAS YOUNG 520141 XOCCUAPTION OF HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD WHEN RESPONDENT WAS YOUNG 520142 ACTUAL AGE OF R 520143 WHERE WERE YOU BORN * 520144 XWHERE DID YOU GROW UP * 520145 WHERE WAS R RAISED (FARM OR CITY) 520146 WERE PARENTS BORN IN UNITED STATES 520147 XFATHER'S FATHER'S COUNTRY * 520148 XFATHER'S MOTHER'S COUNTRY * 520149 XMOTHER'S FATHER'S COUNTRY * 520150 XMOTHER'S MOTHER'S COUNTRY * 520151 XFATHER'S NATIVE COUNTRY * 520152 XMOTHER'S NATIVE COUNTRY * 520153 HOW LONG HAS R LIVED IN THE UNITED STATES 520154 HOW LONG HAS R LIVED IN HIS PRESENT STATE 520155 DOES R PLAN TO STAY HERE IN ---- 520156 DO YOU OWN, RENT OR WHAT 520157 HAVE YOU ANY CHILDREN IN LOCAL SCHOOL 520158 RELIGIOUS PREFERENCE 520159 HOW OFTEN DOES R ATTEND CHURCH 520160 TOTAL FAMILY INCOME 520161 INTERVIEWER'S RATING OF SAMPLE ADDRESS ON SOCIAL CLASS 520162 ARE R, HIS PARENTS, HIS GRANDPARENTS NATIVE OR FOREIGN BORN 520163 XR'S OR PATERNAL ANCESTORS' NATIVITY 520164 XR'S MATERNAL ANCESTORS' NATIVITY 520165 XPLACE OF BIRTH OF GRANDFATHER * 520166 XPLACE OF BIRTH OF GRANDMOTHER * 520167 CATEGORIZED AGE OF RESPONDENT POST-ELECTION STUDY PROCEDURE 520168 REGION OF POST-ELECTION INTERVIEW 520169 DATE POST-ELECTION INTERVIEW WAS TAKEN 520170 POST-ELECTION INTERVIEWER'S NAME EISENHOWER'S ELECTION 520171 DOES IT MAKE ANY DIFFERENCE THAT EISENHOWER WON 520172 XREASONS FOR DIFFERENCE BECAUSE EISENHOWER WON * MASS MEDIA USEAGE 520173 DID R READ ABOUT THE CAMPAIGN IN THE PAPER 520174 DID R HEAR ABOUT THE CAMPAIGN ON THE RADIO 520175 DID R SEE MUCH OF THE CAMPAIGN ON TELEVISION 520176 DID R READ ABOUT THE CAMPAIGN IN MAGAZINES 520177 WHICH MEDIA WERE MOST INFORMATIVE VOTING BEHAVIOR 520178 1952 PRESIDENTIAL VOTE OR NONVOTER PREFERENCE 520179 R'S 1948 PRESIDENTIAL VOTE 520180 XWHY DIDN'T YOU VOTE 520181 XWERE YOU REGISTERED TO VOTE 520182 XWHY DID R VOTE FOR EISENHOWER OR STEVENSON * 520183 XWHEN DID R DECIDE ON HIS VOTING PREFERENCE 520184 XDID R CONSIDER VOTING FOR THE OPPOSITION 520185 XWHY DIDN'T HE VOTE FOR THE OPPOSITE CANDIDATE * 520186 XHOW DID R VOTE FOR SENATOR 520187 XHOW DID R VOTE FOR CONGRESSMAN 520188 XHOW DID R VOTE FOR GOVERNOR 520189 XDID R VOTE A STRAIGHT PARTY TICKET INFLUENCE OF FACE TO FACE CONTACTS 520190 DID ANY PARTY PERSON TALK TO YOU 520191 XDID THE CONVERSATION INFLUENCE YOU 520192 HOW DID R'S FRIENDS VOTE 520193 XDID FRIENDS' OPINIONS INFLUENCE YOU 520194 XHOW DID R'S COWORKERS VOTE 520195 XDID COWORKERS' OPINIONS INFLUENCE YOU 520196 XHOW DID R'S MATE VOTE 520197 XDID MATE'S OPINION INFLUENCE YOU 520198 XHOW DID YOUR FAMILY VOTE 520199 XDID YOUR FAMILY'S OPINIONS INFLUENCE YOU INFLUENCE OF CAMPAIGN 520200 XWAS VOTE INFLUENCED BY THE CAMPAIGN 520201 XPARTY DIRECTION OF THE CAMPAIGN INFLUENCE 520202 XCAMPAIGN EVENTS MENTIONED BY R POLITICAL ACTIVITY 520203 DID R TRY TO INFLUENCE ANOTHER'S POLITICAL OPINION 520204 DID R GIVE MONEY TO A PARTY OR CANDIDATE 520205 DID R EVER GO TO A POLITICAL MEETING 520206 DID R WORK FOR A PARTY OR A CANDIDATE 520207 DOES R BELONG TO A POLITICAL CLUB OR ORGANIZATION QUESTIONS ASKED ONLY OF FORM B RESPONDENTS MEMBERSHIP IN ORGANIZATIONS 520208 NUMBER OF FORMAL ORGANIZATIONS RESPONDENT IS A MEMBER OF 520209 NUMBER OF INFORMAL ORGANIZATIONS RESPONDENT IS A MEMBER OF 520210 TOTAL ORGANIZATIONS RESPONDENT IS A MEMBER OF 520211 NUMBER OF FORMAL ORGANIZATIONS RESPONDENT IS ACTIVE IN 520212 NUMBER INFORMAL ORGANIZATIONS RESPONDENT IS ACTIVE IN 520213 TOTAL ORGANIZATIONS RESPONDENT IS ACTIVE IN 520214 ECONOMIC OR PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS 520215 RELIGIOUS, CHARITABLE OR WELFARE ORGANIZATIONS 520216 FORMAL SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATIONS 520217 MISCELLANEOUS FORMAL ORGANIZATIONS 520218 INFORMAL ORGANIZATIONS -- SPORTS AUTHORITARIANISM 520219 WAR AND CONFLICT ARE ALWAYS PRESENT 520220 KIDS NEED STRICT DISCIPLINE 520221 LEADERS ARE BETTER THAN LAWS 520222 FAILURES LACK WILL POWER 520223 IT IS BAD THAT WOMEN ARE IN POLITICS 520224 ONE SHOULD NOT FORGET AN INSULT 520225 PEOPLE CAN BE TRUSTED 520226 TODAY THERE IS MUCH TALK AND LITTLE WORK 520227 SEX CRIMINALS NEED WHIPPING 520228 WOMEN SHOULD HAVE LESS FREEDOM THAN MEN PERSONAL DATA (EXTENDED) 520229 RESPONDENT'S OCCUPATION IN 1948 520230 XWAS R SELF EMPLOYED IN 1948 520231 OCCUPATION OF HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD IN 1948 520232 XWAS HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD SELF EMPLOYED IN 1948 520233 NATURE OF R'S SECONDARY SCHOOL 520234 WERE YOU OR HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD EVER IN THE MILITARY 520235 XRESPONDENT'S YEARS OF MILITARY SERVICE 520236 XHEAD OF HOUSEHOLD'S YEARS OF MILITARY SERVICE 520237 PARTY IDENTIFICATION AND STRENGTH INDEX (FOR ALL RESPONDENTS)