Version 01 Codebook ------------------- CODEBOOK INTRODUCTION FILE 1962 POST-ELECTION STUDY (1962.T) AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDIES 1962 POST ELECTION STUDY PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR POLITICAL BEHAVIOR PROGRAM SURVEY RESEARCH CENTER (S714) UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN NOVEMBER 6, 1962 - DECEMBER 15, 1962 ICPSR ARCHIVE NUMBER 7217 ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF ASSISTANCE ALL MANUSCRIPTS UTILIZING DATA MADE AVAILABLE THROUGH THE CONSORTIUM SHOULD ACKNOWLEDGE THAT FACT AS WELL AS IDENTIFY THE ORIGINAL COLLECTOR OF THE DATA. THE ICPSR COUNCIL URGES ALL USERS OF ICPSR DATA FACILITIES TO FOLLOW SOME ADAPTATION OF THIS STATEMENT WITH THE PARENTHESES INDICATING ITEMS TO BE FILLED IN APPROPRIATELY OR DELETED BY THE INDIVIDUAL USER. THE DATA (AND TABULATIONS) UTILIZED IN THIS (PUBLICATION) WERE MADE AVAILABLE (IN PART) BY THE INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL RESEARCH. THE DATA WERE ORIGINALLY COLLECTED BY THE SURVEY RESEARCH CENTER POLITICAL BEHAVIOR PROGRAM. NEITHER THE ORIGINAL COLLECTORS OF THE DATA NOR THE CONSORTIUM BEAR ANY RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE ANALYSES OR INTERPRETATIONS PRESENTED HERE. IN ORDER TO PROVIDE FUNDING AGENCIES WITH ESSENTIAL INFOR- MATION ABOUT THE USE OF ARCHIVAL RESOURCES, AND TO FACILITATE THE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION ABOUT ICPSR PARTICIPANTS' RESEARCH ACTIVITIES, EACH USER OF THE ICPSR DATA FACILITIES IS EXPECTED TO SEND TWO COPIES OF EACH COMPLETED MANUSCRIPT TO THE CONSORTIUM. PLEASE INDICATE IN THE COVER LETTER WHICH DATA WERE USED. CONTENTS Note: >>sections in the codebook introduction and codebook appendix can be navigated in the machine-readable files by searching ">>". INTRODUCTORY MATERIAL (file int1962.cbk) --------------------- >> 1962 STUDY DESCRIPTION >> 1962 SAMPLING INFORMATION >> 1962 PROCESSING INFORMATION >> 1962 CODEBOOK INFORMATION >> 1962 VARIABLE DESCRIPTION LIST CODEBOOK -------- 1962 variables APPENDICES (file app1962.cbk) ---------- >> 1962 PSU CODE >> 1962 STUDY DESCRIPTION THE 1962 ELECTION STUDY (SRC 714) IS THE SEVENTH IN A SERIES OF STUDIES OF NATIONAL ELECTIONS CONDUCTED BY THE SURVEY RESEARCH CENTER POLITICAL BEHAVIOR PROGRAM SINCE 1948. THE ELECTION STUDY DATA WAS TAKEN FROM THE 1962 FALL OMNIBUS SURVEY, CONDUCTED BY THE SURVEY RESEARCH CENTER ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR PROGRAM AS ONE OF A SERIES OF MEASUREMENTS OF CONSUMER OPTIMISM AND CONFIDENCE. THE OMNIBUS WAS DESIGNED TO THROW LIGHT ON PEOPLE'S ATTITUDES TOWARD THEIR PERSONAL FINANCIAL SITUATION, BUSINESS CONDITIONS IN THE NATION AND MARKET CONDITIONS, AS WELL AS THEIR PLANS TO MAKE MAJOR PURCHASES. QUESTIONS WERE CONCERNED WITH ECONOMIC ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOR, POLITICAL ATTITUDES, TRAVEL, GEOGRAPHIC MOBILITY, FAMILY EXPECTATIONS AND PERSONAL INFORMATION. THE ELECTION STUDY EMPHASIZES POLITICAL ATTITUDES IN GENERAL, AND ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOR PERTINENT TO THE 1962 CONGRESSIONAL ELECTION. RESPONDENTS WERE INTERVIEWED AFTER THE DATE OF THE ELECTION (NOVEMBER 7, 1962 THROUGH DECEMBER 15, 1962). THE INTERVIEW SCHEDULE CONTAINED BOTH CLOSED AND OPEN-ENDED QUESTIONS ASCERTAINING A WIDE RANGE OF INFORMATION, CONCERNED FOR THE MOST PART WITH ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL ATTITUDES, FAMILY EXPECTATIONS AND PERSONAL INFORMATION. THIS INCLUDES DATA ON ATTITUDES TOWARD THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, VOTING BEHAVIOR, POLITICAL ACTIVITIES, SOME EMPLOYMENT HISTORY OF THE HEAD OF THE HOUSEHOLD AND EXPECTATIONS ABOUT FINANCIAL CHANGES. >> 1962 SAMPLING INFORMATION LIKE OTHER SURVEY RESEARCH CENTER SAMPLES, THE 1962 FALL OMNIBUS SURVEY CONSTITUTES A CROSS-SECTION OF THE POPULATION LIVING IN PRIVATE HOUSEHOLDS IN THE CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES (ALASKA AND HAWAII ARE EXCLUDED). TRANSIENTS, RESIDENTS OF INSTITUTIONS, AND PERSONS LIVING ON MILITARY RESERVATIONS ARE NOT REPRESENTED. A MULTI-STAGE, STRATIFIED PROBABILITY SAMPLE OF DWELLING UNITS IS DRAWN IN 66 PRIMARY SAMPLING UNITS (THE 12 LARGEST METROPOLITAN AREAS AND 54 OTHER AREAS, SELECTED ON THE BASIS OF VARIOUS CONTROLS). OMNIBUS SAMPLES DIFFER FROM POLITICAL BEHAVIOR SAMPLES IN TWO WAYS: 1. NON-CITIZENS AND SOME PERSONS INELIGIBLE TO VOTE BECAUSE OF AGE HAVE A CHANCE OF SELECTION. ALL PERSONS OVER 18 HAVE A CHANCE OF SELECTION. IN ADDITION, PERSONS UNDER 18 WHO ARE HEADS OF HOUSEHOLD OR WIVES OF HEADS OF HOUSEHOLDS CAN BE INTERVIEWED. IN STRICTLY POLITICAL BEHAVIOR SURVEYS, THESE INELIGIBLE PERSONS (UNDER 18 IN KENTUCKY AND GEORGIA; UNDER 21 IN THE OTHER STATES; NON-CITIZENS) ARE NOT PUT ON THE LISTING BOX AND CONSEQUENTLY HAVE NO CHANCE OF SELECTION. THEY ARE, BY DEFINITION, PART OF THE UNIVERSE OF THE 1962 FALL OMNIBUS SURVEY, BUT ALL SUCH INELIGIBLE PERSONS HAVE BEEN EXCLUDED FROM THE ARCHIVED DATA (THERE WERE 55 NON-CITIZENS AND UNDER-AGE PERSONS). 2. THE SELECTION OF THE RESPONDENT DIFFERS CONSIDERABLY. IN POLITICAL BEHAVIOR SURVEYS ALL ELIGIBLE ADULTS ARE LISTED ON THE FACE SHEET IN A SYSTEMATIC WAY, AND ONE ADULT IS SELECTED AT RANDOM (SEE LESLIE KISH, "A PROCEDURE FOR OBJECTIVE RESPONDENT SELECTION WITHIN THE HOUSEHOLD," JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION, SEPTEMBER, 1949, VOL. 44, PP. 380-387). IN THE OMNIBUS SURVEYS, ALL ELIGIBLE ADULTS (BY OMNIBUS DEFINITION) ARE LISTED ON THE FACE SHEET, BUT ONLY HEADS OF HOUSEHOLDS AND WIVES ARE INTERVIEWED. IN FAMILIES WHERE THE HEAD IS MARRIED, HUSBAND AND WIFE ARE SELECTED ALTERNATELY AS RESPONDENTS; WHERE THE HEAD IS UNMARRIED, HE (OR SHE) IS AUTOMATICALLY THE RESPONDENT. IN THE FEW INSTANCES WHERE SEVERAL UNRELATED FAMILIES RESIDE IN THE DWELLING UNIT, A SEPARATE INTERVIEW IS OBTAINED FROM ONE HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD OR WIFE IN EACH FAMILY (THESE SECONDARY SELECTIONS, AS THEY ARE CALLED, ARE IDENTIFIED BY A CODE 5 OR 6 IN THE INITIAL DIGIT OF THE INTERVIEW NUMBER). GIVEN THE NATIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSEHOLDS BY SIZE (17% ONE PERSON, 68% TWO PERSON, AND 15% WITH THREE OR MORE ADULTS), THE EXCLUSION FROM THE SAMPLE OF ALL THIRD, FOURTH, FIFTH, ETC., ADULTS WITHIN A GIVEN HOUSEHOLD INTRODUCES SOME BIAS IN THE ATTEMPT TO REPRESENT THE UNIVERSE OF CITIZENS OF VOTING AGE. HOWEVER, IN SEVERAL PAST OMNIBUS STUDIES THERE HAS BEEN NO DETECTIBLE DISTORTION OF ANY ESTIMATE OF STANDARD INFORMATION WHICH COULD BE ATTRIBUTED TO THIS ASPECT OF THE SAMPLE. >> 1962 PROCESSING INFORMATION THE STUDY WAS PROCESSED ACCORDING TO ICPSR STANDARD PROCESSING PROCEDURES; THE CODE CATEGORIES WERE RECODED TO CONFORM TO ICPSR STANDARDIZED CODES WHERE APPLICABLE, AND THE DATA WERE CHECKED FOR INCONSISTENT AND ILLEGAL CODES. THE LATTER WERE CORRECTED BY REFERRING TO THE ORIGINAL INTERVIEW SCHEDULES, WHERE POSSIBLE. IN USING THIS CODEBOOK SEVERAL FEATURES SHOULD BE NOTED. THE FIRST IS THAT THE TENS DIGITS OF MOST TWO DIGIT CODES MAY BE MEANINGFULLY USED ALONE. (THE GAPS THAT APPEAR IN SOME OF THE TWO DIGIT STANDARDIZED CODES REPRESENT VALUES NOT USED IN THIS STUDY.) ANOTHER IS THAT IN MANY CASES, BOTH IN THE BODY OF THE CODEBOOK AND IN THE FOOTNOTES, TEXT IS BRACKETED IN < AND > SIGNS. ALL TEXT SO BRACKETED WAS NOT CONTAINED IN THE ORIGINAL TEXT BUT WAS ADDED BY THE PROCESSOR, EITHER FOR EXPLANATORY PURPOSES OR IN ORDER TO MAKE VARIABLES INDEPENDENT OF ONE ANOTHER BY MAKING IT UNNECESSARY TO REFER TO ONE IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND THE TEXT OF ANOTHER. VARIABLE NAMES IN THE TABLE OF CONTENTS FOLLOWED BY AN ASTERISK HAVE SPECIAL ICPSR STANDARDIZED CODES. THOSE PRECEDED BY AN X DESIGNATE A VARIABLE DEPENDENT ON SOME OTHER VARIABLE, DUE TO THE STRUCTURE OF THE INTERVIEW SCHEDULE. >> 1962 CODEBOOK INFORMATION The following example from the 1948 NES study provides the standard format for codebook variable documentation. Note that NES studies which are not part of the Time-Series usually omit marginals and the descriptive content in lines 2-5 (except for variable name). Line 1 ============================== 2 VAR 480026 NAME-R NOT VT-WAS R REG TO VT 3 COLUMNS 61 - 61 4 NUMERIC 5 MD=0 OR GE 8 6 7 Q. 17. (IF R DID NOT VOTE) WERE YOU REGISTERED (ELIGIBLE) 8 TO VOTE. 9 ........................................................... 10 11 82 1. YES 12 149 2. NO 13 14 0 8. DK 15 9 9. NA 16 422 0. INAP., R VOTED Line 2 - VARIABLE NAME. Note that in the codebook the variable name (usually a 'number') does not include the "V" prefix which is used in the release SAS and SPSS data definition files (.sas and .sps files) for all variables including those which do not have 'number' names. For example the variable "VERSION" in the codebook is "VVERSION" in the data definition files. Line 2 - "NAME". This is the variable label used in the SAS and SPSS data definition files (.sas and .sps files). Some codebooks exclude this. Line 3 - COLUMNS. Columns in the ASCII data file (.dat file). Line 4 - CHARACTER OR NUMERIC. If numeric and the variable is a decimal rather than integer variable, the numer of decimal places is also indicated (e.g. "NUMERIC DEC 4") Line 5 - Values which are assigned to missing by default in the Study's SAS and and SPSS data definition files (.sas and .sps files). Line 7 - Actual question text for survey variables or a description of non-survey variables (for example, congressional district). Survey items usually include the question number (for example "B1a.") from the Study questionnaire; beginning in 1996 non-survey items also have unique item numbers (for example "CSheet.1"). Line 9 - A dashed or dotted line usually separates question text from any other documentation which follows. Line 10- When present, annotation provided by Study staff is presented below the question text/description and preceding code values. Lines 11-16 Code values are listed with descriptive labels. Valid codes (those not having 'missing' status in line 5) are presented first, followed by the values described in line 5. For continuous variables, one line may appear providing the range of possible values. A blank line usually separates the 'valid' and 'missing' values. Lines 11-16 Marginals are usually provided for discrete variables. The counts may be unweighted or weighted; check the Study codebook introductory text to determine weight usage. >> 1962 VARIABLE DESCRIPTION LIST VARIABLE VARIABLE LABEL -------- -------------- VERSION NES VERSION NUMBER DSETNO NES DATASET NUMBER 620001 ICPSR ARCHIVE NUMBER 620002 INTERVIEW NUMBER STUDY PROCEDURE AND SAMPLING 620003 PRIMARY SAMPLING UNIT AND PLACE IDENTIFICATION 620004 DISTANCE FROM CENTER OF SMSA 620005 DATE OF INTERVIEW PERSONAL DATA 620006 NUMBER OF ADULTS IN FAMILY 620007 ADULT NUMBER OF RESPONDENT 620008 RESPONDENT'S RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF FAMILY 620009 AGE OF RESPONDENT 620010 AGE OF RESPONDENT (BRACKETED) 620011 SEX OF HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD 620012 AGE OF HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD 620013 AGE OF HEAD (BRACKETED) FINANCIAL AND BUSINESS CONDITIONS 620014 RESPONDENT BETTER FINANCIALLY THAN LAST YEAR 620015 MAKE MORE MONEY THAN LAST YEAR 620016 DO PEOPLE WORRY ABOUT NEXT YEAR 620017 WILL R BE BETTER OFF FINANCIALLY NEXT YEAR 620018 PAST YEAR PRICES ROSE OR FELL 620019 WILL NEXT YEAR'S PRICES RISE OR FALL 620020 XWILL PRICE CHANGE BE GOOD OR BAD 620021 IN FIVE YEARS WILL PRICES RISE OR FALL 620022 NEXT 12 MONTHS GOOD FINANCIALLY 620023 PRESENT BUSINESS CONDITIONS BETTER OR WORSE 620024 WORLD RELATIONSHIPS AFFECT BUSINESS CONDITIONS 620025 WHY DO WORLD RELATIONSHIPS AFFECT BUSINESS CONDITIONS 620026 SHOULD GOVERNMENT REDUCE INCOME TAXES 620027 IS THERE MUCH UNEMPLOYMENT IN THIS AREA 620028 XIN PAST MONTHS HAS UNEMPLOYMENT INCREASED 620029 NEXT YEAR WILL UNEMPLOYMENT CHANGE 620030 XWHY WILL UNEMPLOYMENT CHANGE NEXT YEAR 620031 WILL BUSINESS CONDITIONS BE BETTER NEXT YEAR 620032 IN THE NEXT 5 YEARS WILL WE HAVE GOOD TIMES 620033 IN THE NEXT 5 YEARS WILL WE HAVE DEPRESSION 620034 WILL WE HAVE RECESSION AND UNEMPLOYMENT VOTING BEHAVIOR 620035 R'S PARTY IDENTIFICATION * 620036 VOTE IN HOW MANY PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS 620037 XALWAYS VOTE SAME PARTY FOR PRESIDENT 620038 1960 VOTE FOR KENNEDY OR NIXON 620039 INTERESTED IN 1962 POLITICAL CAMPAIGN 620040 USUALLY FOLLOW POLITICS CLOSELY 620041 VOTED IN 1962, AND PARTY PREFERENCE 620042 DID R VOTE FOR CONGRESSMAN AND FOR WHOM 620043 DID R VOTE FOR CONGRESSMAN-AT-LARGE 620044 XMOST IMPORTANT REASON R VOTED FOR HIM 620045 XWHAT TIME BEFORE ELECTION DID R DECIDE HIS VOTE 620046 WAS KENNEDY INTERESTED IN THE ELECTION HERE 620047 XWHAT WAS THE NATURE OF KENNEDY'S INTEREST 620048 X1962 STATE AND LOCAL ELECTION VOTE POLITICAL BEHAVIOR 620049 HELP PARTY--TALK TO PEOPLE 620050 HELP PARTY--GIVE MONEY 620051 HELP PARTY--GO TO POLITICAL MEETINGS 620052 HELP PARTY--WORK FOR CANDIDATE 620053 HELP PARTY--BELONG TO POLITICAL CLUB 620054 HELP PARTY--WEAR CAMPAIGN BUTTON DOMESTIC ISSUES 620055 SHOULD THE GOVERNMENT GIVE MONEY FOR SCHOOLS 620056 XSHOULD THE GOVERNMENT AID RELIGIOUS SCHOOLS 620057 DOES R HAVE AN OPINION ABOUT GOVERNMENT MEDICAL AID 620058 XSHOULD THE GOVERNMENT GIVE MEDICAL AID 620059 XREASONS GOVERNMENT SHOULD(N'T) GIVE MEDICAL AID * 620060 XWHICH PARTY FAVORS MEDICAL AID 620061 OPINION ABOUT GOVERNMENT INTEGRATING SCHOOLS 620062 XSHOULD GOVERNMENT INTEGRATE SCHOOLS 620063 DOES R KNOW ABOUT GOVERNMENT AIR SAFETY EMPLOYMENT OF HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD 620064 OCCUPATION OF HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD * 620065 INDUSTRY OF HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD 620066 XHOW LONG HAS HEAD BEEN UNEMPLOYED 620067 XDOES HEAD WORK FOR HIMSELF OR ANOTHER 620068 XNUMBER OF HEAD'S EMPLOYERS, 1950 ON 620069 XRATE OF PAY FOR HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD'S OCCUPATION 620070 XHOW IS PAY HERE FOR HEAD'S OCCUPATION 620071 XHEAD'S EXPERIENCE WITH UNEMPLOYMENT 620072 XWAS HEAD UNEMPLOYED IN THE LAST TWELVE MONTHS 620073 XWEEKS HEAD UNEMPLOYED IN THE LAST YEAR 620074 XREASON HEAD IS/WAS UNEMPLOYED 620075 1962 GROSS FAMILY INCOME 620076 EDUCATION OF HEAD 620077 MARITAL STATUS OF HEAD 620078 EDUCATION OF RESPONDENT 620079 MARITAL STATUS OF RESPONDENT 620080 OCCUPATION OF RESPONDENT * 620081 INDUSTRY OF RESPONDENT 620082 XDOES RESPONDENT WORK FOR HIMSELF OR ANOTHER 620083 XNUMBER OF CHILDREN (WIFE) EVER HAD 620084 XHOW MANY CHILDREN DO YOU EXPECT 620085 XNUMBER OF CHILDREN LIKELY TO HAVE 620086 XNUMBER OF YEARS BEFORE NEXT CHILD 620087 XNUMBER OF YEARS BEFORE FINISH FAMILY 620088 NUMBER OF CHILDREN UNDER 18 IN FAMILY 620089 XAGE OF YOUNGEST CHILD 620090 NUMBER OF CHILDREN IN COMMUNITY SCHOOLS 620091 IS R EITHER MIDDLE CLASS OR WORKING CLASS 620092 XR'S CHOSEN SOCIAL CLASS AND WHETHER UPPER OR LOWER PART 620093 R'S RELIGIOUS PREFERENCE * 620094 DOES RESPONDENT GO TO CHURCH REGULARLY 620095 WERE YOU BORN IN THE UNITED STATES 620096 XARE YOU A UNITED STATES CITIZEN 620097 RACE OF RESPONDENT 620098 SEX OF RESPONDENT 620099 TYPE OF LIVING STRUCTURE 620100 DESCRIPTION OF R'S NEIGHBORHOOD 620101 NEIGHBORHOOD CHARACTERISTICS 620102 LIFE CYCLE STAGE OF RESPONDENT